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Purple glove syndrome is caused by the intravenous anticonvulsant phenytoin. [3] This medication has many already established neurological side effects. However, glove syndrome is a rare, with prevalence ranging from 1.7% to 5.9%, but has very serious adverse effect that may lead to limb amputations.
Phenytoin may accumulate in the cerebral cortex over long periods of time which can cause atrophy of the cerebellum. The degree of atrophy is related to the duration of phenytoin treatment and is not related to dosage of the medication. [23] Phenytoin is known to be a causal factor in the development of peripheral neuropathy. [24]
Dilantin is the brand name of the drug phenytoin sodium in the United States, commonly used in the treatment of epilepsy. It may also be called congenital hydantoin syndrome, [1] fetal hydantoin syndrome, dilantin embryopathy, or phenytoin embryopathy. Association with EPHX1 has been suggested. [2]
[4] [1] It is used as an adjunctive treatment in schizophrenia along with other medications and as a second-line agent in bipolar disorder. [6] [1] Carbamazepine appears to work as well as phenytoin and valproate for focal and generalized seizures. [7] It is not effective for absence or myoclonic seizures. [1]
Fosphenytoin, also known as fosphenytoin sodium, and sold under the brand name Cerebyx among others, is a water-soluble phenytoin prodrug that is administered intravenously to deliver phenytoin, potentially more safely than intravenous phenytoin. It is used in the acute treatment of convulsive status epilepticus. Fosphenytoin was developed in ...
It is possible that isoniazid may decrease the serum levels of ketoconazole after long-term treatment. This is seen with the simultaneous use of rifampin, isoniazid, and ketoconazole. [39] Isoniazid may increase the amount of phenytoin in the body. The doses of phenytoin may need to be adjusted when given with isoniazid. [40] [41]
Metformin is a prescription medication used to treat high blood sugar in those with type 2 diabetes who are resistant to the effects of insulin. It’s in a class of drugs known as biguanides.
Treatment of severe toxicity is with digoxin-specific antibody fragments. [1] Its use is recommended in those who have a serious dysrhythmia, are in cardiac arrest, or have a potassium of greater than 5 mmol/L. [1] Low blood potassium or magnesium should also be corrected. [1] Toxicity may reoccur within a few days after treatment. [1]