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The first physician to perform a successful human bone-marrow transplant on a disease other than cancer was Robert A. Good at the University of Minnesota in 1968. [75] In 1975, John Kersey, also of the University of Minnesota, performed the first successful bone-marrow transplant to cure lymphoma.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is the transplantation of multipotent hematopoietic stem cells, usually derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or umbilical cord blood. [16] [17] [13] It may be autologous (the patient's own stem cells are used), allogeneic (the stem cells come from a donor) or syngeneic (from an identical twin).
A bone marrow harvest in progress The preferred sites for the procedure. In a bone marrow transplant, hematopoietic stem cells are removed from a person and infused into another person or into the same person at a later time . If the donor and recipient are compatible, these infused cells will then travel to the bone marrow and initiate blood ...
Bone marrow examination refers to the pathologic analysis of samples of bone marrow obtained by bone marrow biopsy (often called trephine biopsy) and bone marrow aspiration. Bone marrow examination is used in the diagnosis of a number of conditions, including leukemia , multiple myeloma , lymphoma , anemia , and pancytopenia .
Total body irradiation (TBI) is a form of radiotherapy used primarily as part of the preparative regimen for haematopoietic stem cell (or bone marrow) transplantation.As the name implies, TBI involves irradiation of the entire body, though in modern practice the lungs are often partially shielded to lower the risk of radiation-induced lung injury.
Hematopoietic cells are used to transplant patients with life-threatening disorders such as leukemia, lymphoma, aplastic anemia, as well as certain immune system and metabolic disorders. Hematopoietic cells can come from bone marrow, umbilical cord blood, or the circulating blood (peripheral blood stem cells (PBSCs)).
The practice of tissue transplantation dates back to 1600 BC and has undergone vast advancements since then. The four main types of tissue transplantation are xenotransplantation, allotransplantation, isotransplantation and autotransplantation, while the common tissues transplanted include skin, bone, corneal and vessel grafts. [3]
The administered hematopoietic stem cells then migrate to the recipient's bone marrow, through a process known as stem cell homing, where the transplanted cells override the previous bone marrow. This allows the bone marrow to recover, proliferate and continue producing healthy blood cells. [citation needed] The transplantation may be ...
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