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The Māori language revival is a movement to promote, reinforce and strengthen the use of the Māori language (te reo Māori).Primarily in New Zealand, but also in places with large numbers of expatriate New Zealanders (such as London and Melbourne), the movement aims to increase the use of Māori in the home, in education, government, and business.
The number of speakers fell sharply after 1945, [8] but a Māori language revival movement began in the late 20th century and slowed the decline. The Māori protest movement and the Māori renaissance of the 1970s caused greater social awareness of and support for the language.
It is the ancestral tongue of the indigenous Maori people of New Zealand and a vehicle for prose narrative, sung poetry, and genealogical recital. [125] The history of the Maori people is taught in Maori in sacred learning houses through oral transmission. Even after Maori became a written language, the oral tradition was preserved. [125]
The Māori protest movement is a broad indigenous rights movement in New Zealand . While there was a range of conflicts between Māori and European immigrants prior to the signing of the Treaty of Waitangi in 1840, the signing provided one reason for protesting. Disagreements in the decades following the signing sometimes included war.
Traditional Māori culture has enjoyed a significant revival, which was further bolstered by a Māori protest movement that emerged in the 1960s. However, disproportionate numbers of Māori face significant economic and social obstacles, and generally have lower life expectancies and incomes than other New Zealand ethnic groups.
A revived language is a language that at one point had no native speakers, but through revitalization efforts has regained native speakers.. The most frequent reason for extinction is the marginalisation of local languages within a wider dominant nation state, which might at times amount to outright political oppression.
[11] [16] Elsewhere, the Te Maori art exhibition (1984–1987) saw Māori art exhibited internationally for the first time. [17] By the 1990s, the fundamentals of a Māori recovery were well entrenched, and Māori advancement continued despite ongoing obstacles, such as the slow pace of Treaty settlements and a downturn in the economy.
The Mana Movement is a New Zealand political party led by Hone Harawira which was formed in April 2011 following Hone Harawira's resignation from the Māori Party. Hone Harawira won the by-election in Te Tai Tokerau of 25 June 2011 for the Mana Party, and went on to retain this seat during the 2011 election .