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Jason-1 was built by Thales Alenia Space using a Proteus platform, under a contract from CNES, as well as the main Jason-1 instrument, the Poseidon-2 altimeter (successor to the Poseidon altimeter on-board TOPEX/Poseidon). Jason-1 was designed to measure climate change through very precise millimeter-per-year measurements of global sea level ...
Observations of Explorer 1 and Sputnik 2 in 1958 allowed for an accurate determination of Earth's flattening. [ 1 ] : 5 The 1960s saw the launch of the Doppler satellite Transit-1B and the balloon satellites Echo 1 , Echo 2, and PAGEOS .
An altimeter or an altitude meter is an instrument used to measure the altitude of an object above a fixed level. [1] The measurement of altitude is called altimetry , which is related to the term bathymetry , the measurement of depth under water.
It was placed in a 1,336 km (830 mi) circular, non-Sun-synchronous orbit at an inclination of 66.0° to Earth's equator, allowing it to monitor 95% of Earth's ice-free ocean every 10 days. Jason-1 was moved to the opposite side of Earth from Jason-2 and now flies over the same region of the ocean that Jason-2 flew over five days earlier. [6]
In aviation, atmospheric sciences and broadcasting, a height above ground level (AGL [1] or HAGL) is a height measured with respect to the underlying ground surface.This is as opposed to height above mean sea level (AMSL or HAMSL), height above ellipsoid (HAE, as reported by a GPS receiver), or height above average terrain (AAT or HAAT, in broadcast engineering).
Aviation altitude is measured using either mean sea level (MSL) or local ground level (above ground level, or AGL) as the reference datum. Pressure altitude divided by 100 feet (30 m) is the flight level , and is used above the transition altitude (18,000 feet (5,500 m) in the US, but may be as low as 3,000 feet (910 m) in other jurisdictions).
When ERS-2 was launched, ERS-1 shared the same orbital plane. This allowed a tandem mission, with ERS-2 passing the same point on the ground 1 day later than ERS-1. ERS-2 has a repeat cycle of 35 days. [4] ERS-2 operated without gyroscopes from February 2001, resulting in some degradation of the data provided by the instruments.
The output is typically on the order of hundreds of cycles per second, not megacycles, and can easily be displayed on analog instruments. [2] This technique is known as Frequency Modulated Continuous-wave radar. Radar altimeters normally work in the E band, K a band, or, for more advanced sea-level measurement, S band. Radar altimeters also ...
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