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The Manila Trench was formed by the subduction of the Eurasian Plate underneath the Philippine Sea Plate, which initiated during the Middle Miocene (22-25 million years ago). A characteristic feature of this plate boundary is the gradual change from normal subduction (on the southern margin) to a collisional regime (on the northern margin ...
The Manila Trench results from eastward subduction of the Eurasian plate (Sundaland Block) beneath the western side of the Philippine Mobile Belt. Subduction along the north-trending trench started in late Oligocene to early Miocene. [4] [23] [24] It has an average subduction rate at 1–2 cm (0.39–0.79 in) per year, slowing towards the north ...
Subduction of Late Oligocene to Early Miocene South China sea oceanic crust occurs at the Manila Trench. Subduction of Eocene Philippine Sea oceanic crust occurs at the East Luzon Trough – Philippine Trench system. The strike-slip, left lateral fault, Philippine fault system is associated with the northward movement of the belt. [14]
These two tectonic features thus correlate to a similar time of development. The formation of the PFZ was a result of two stages. The first stage began at ~10 Ma, when the northern segments of the PFZ developed due to the convergence of the China Sea Crust underneath the nearby Manila Trench. The lack of accretionary prism at the Philippine ...
The subduction zones that surround most of the archipelago are the source of many of the larger earthquakes that strike the Philippines. This includes both faulting along the plate interfaces and within the subducting slabs. For the Philippine Trench, examples of those on the plate interface are the 1988 M w 7.3 and the 2023 M7.6 events.
To the west, the Philippine Sea plate subducts under the Philippine Mobile Belt at the Philippine Trench and the East Luzon Trench. (The adjacent rendition of Prof. Peter Bird's map is inaccurate in this respect.) To the northwest, the Philippine Sea plate meets Taiwan and the Nansei islands on the Okinawa plate, and southern Japan on the ...
Trenches represent the deepest portions (dark blue) of the surrounding seas. 3. Subduction along MT and NT is interrupted by the collision of the Palawan-Mindoro Continental Block (PCB) with the PMB along the Palawan-Mindoro Collision Zone (PCZ). 4. The Philippine Fault Zone (PFZ) traverses the length of the PMB. 5.
Although there are vast areas of subduction zones, some authors have considered this region to have low seismic activity, [17] though the USGS has recorded many earthquakes with magnitude ≥ 7.2 in the region as shown by the map to the side. Most recently, in 2012 the Philippine Trench experienced an earthquake of M w 7.6 (the 2012 Samar ...