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Introduction to Algorithms is a book on computer programming by Thomas H. Cormen, Charles E. Leiserson, Ronald L. Rivest, and Clifford Stein.The book is described by its publisher as "the leading algorithms text in universities worldwide as well as the standard reference for professionals". [1]
The Art of Computer Programming (TAOCP) is a comprehensive monograph written by the computer scientist Donald Knuth presenting programming algorithms and their analysis. Volumes 1–5 are intended to represent the central core of computer programming for sequential machines.
Computer programming or coding is the composition of sequences of instructions, called programs, that computers can follow to perform tasks. [1] [2] It involves designing and implementing algorithms, step-by-step specifications of procedures, by writing code in one or more programming languages.
Turing was widely used in high schools in Ontario as an introduction to programming. [2] On November 28, 2007, Turing, which was previously a commercial programming language, became freeware, available to download from the developer's website free of charge for personal, commercial, and educational use. [3] [4] [5]
Programming involves activities such as analysis, developing understanding, generating algorithms, verification of requirements of algorithms including their correctness and resources consumption, and implementation (commonly referred to as coding [1] [2]) of algorithms in a target programming language.
A computer program is a sequence or set [a] of instructions in a programming language for a computer to execute.It is one component of software, which also includes documentation and other intangible components.
Karel is an educational programming language for beginners, created by Richard E. Pattis in his book Karel The Robot: A Gentle Introduction to the Art of Programming. Pattis used the language in his courses at Stanford University, California. The language is named after Karel Čapek, a Czech writer who introduced the word robot in his play R.U ...
Unifying Theories of Programming (UTP) in computer science deals with program semantics. It shows how denotational semantics , operational semantics and algebraic semantics can be combined in a unified framework for the formal specification , design and implementation of programs and computer systems .