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  2. Property rights (economics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Property_rights_(economics)

    Property rights are constructs in economics for determining how a resource or economic good is used and owned, [1] which have developed over ancient and modern ...

  3. Beneficial ownership - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beneficial_ownership

    Beneficial owners hold specific property rights ("use and title") in equity belong to a person even though legal title of the property belongs to another person. Beneficial owner is subject to a state's statutory laws regulating interest or title transfer. [2] This often relates where the legal title owner has implied trustee duties to the ...

  4. Beneficial interest - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beneficial_interest

    A beneficial interest is the right that a person has arising from a contract to which they are not a party, or a trust. [1] For example, if A makes a contract with B that A will pay C a certain sum of money, B has the legal interest in the contract, and C the beneficial interest.

  5. Externality - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Externality

    In economics, an externality or external cost is an indirect cost or benefit to an uninvolved third party that arises as an effect of another party's (or parties') activity.

  6. Common good - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Common_good

    In philosophy, economics, and political science, the common good (also commonwealth, common weal, general welfare, or public benefit) is either what is shared and beneficial for all or most members of a given community, or alternatively, what is achieved by citizenship, collective action, and active participation in the realm of politics and ...

  7. Contract curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Contract_curve

    In the case of two goods and two individuals, the contract curve can be found as follows. Here refers to the final amount of good 2 allocated to person 1, etc., and refer to the final levels of utility experienced by person 1 and person 2 respectively, refers to the level of utility that person 2 would receive from the initial allocation without trading at all, and and refer to the fixed total ...

  8. Free trade - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Free_trade

    An economic analysis using the law of supply and demand and the economic effects of a tax can be used to show the theoretical benefits and disadvantages of free trade. [ 18 ] [ 19 ]

  9. Government-granted monopoly - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Government-granted_monopoly

    In economics, a government-granted monopoly (also called a "de jure monopoly" or "regulated monopoly") is a form of coercive monopoly by which a government grants exclusive privilege to a private individual or firm to be the sole provider of a good or service; potential competitors are excluded from the market by law, regulation, or other mechanisms of government enforcement.