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The most striking aspect is that it requires a different definition of what it means to be a void. Instead of the general notion that a void is a region of space with a low cosmic mean density; a hole in the distribution of galaxies, it defines voids to be regions in which matter is escaping; which corresponds to the dark energy equation of ...
The cosmological constant was originally introduced in Einstein's 1917 paper entitled “The cosmological considerations in the General Theory of Reality”. [2] Einstein included the cosmological constant as a term in his field equations for general relativity because he was dissatisfied that otherwise his equations did not allow for a static universe: gravity would cause a universe that was ...
Outer space, especially the relatively empty regions of the universe outside the atmospheres of celestial bodies; Vacuum, a volume of space that is essentially empty of matter, such that its gaseous pressure is much less than atmospheric pressure; Free space, a perfect vacuum as expressed in the classical physics model
The nature of both dark energy and dark matter is unknown. Dark matter, a mysterious form of matter that has not yet been identified, accounts for 26.8% of the cosmic contents. Dark energy, which is the energy of empty space and is causing the expansion of the universe to accelerate, accounts for the remaining 68.3% of the contents. [8] [97] [98]
Some physicists, such as Lawrence Krauss, Stephen Hawking or Alexander Vilenkin, call or called this state "a universe from nothingness", although the zero-energy universe model requires both a matter field with positive energy and a gravitational field with negative energy to exist. [2] The hypothesis is broadly discussed in popular sources.
The theory predicts that at this small scale, particles of matter and antimatter are constantly created and destroyed. These subatomic objects are called virtual particles . [ 1 ] The idea was devised by John Wheeler in 1955.
According to Democritus, the Void was a necessary empty space that allowed for the movement and interaction of atoms, making it essential for the existence of matter itself. This view framed the Void as a real and foundational component of the universe, contrasting with the notion of it being mere nothingness. [3]
The redshift hypothesised in the Big Bang model would by itself explain the darkness of the night sky even if the universe were infinitely old. In the Steady state theory the universe is infinitely old and uniform in time as well as space. There is no Big Bang in this model, but there are stars and quasars at arbitrarily great distances.