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In CMOS integrated circuits clock signals are readily available, or else easily generated. This is not always the case in RF integrated circuits, but often a source of RF power will be available. The standard Dickson multiplier circuit can be modified to meet this requirement by simply grounding the normal input and one of the clock inputs.
Certain specialized circuits can also be considered power converters, such as the flyback transformer subsystem powering a CRT, generating high voltage at approximately 15 kHz. Consumer electronics usually include an AC adapter (a type of power supply ) to convert mains-voltage AC current to low-voltage DC suitable for consumption by microchips.
An automotive wiring diagram, showing useful information such as crimp connection locations and wire colors. These details may not be so easily found on a more schematic drawing. A wiring diagram is a simplified conventional pictorial representation of an electrical circuit. It shows the components of the circuit as simplified shapes, and the ...
DC-to-DC converters are used in portable electronic devices such as cellular phones and laptop computers, which are supplied with power from batteries primarily. Such electronic devices often contain several sub-circuits, each with its own voltage level requirement different from that supplied by the battery or an external supply (sometimes higher or lower than the supply voltage).
Low-cost converter modules: two buck and one boost. Boost converter from a TI calculator, generating 9 V from 2.4 V provided by two AA rechargeable cells.. A boost converter or step-up converter is a DC-to-DC converter that increases voltage, while decreasing current, from its input to its output ().
A linear circuit must be designed for a specific, narrow range of input voltages (e.g., 220–240 VAC) and must use a transformer appropriate for the frequency (usually 50 or 60 Hz), but a switched-mode supply can work efficiently over a very wide range of voltages and frequencies; a single 100–240 VAC unit will handle almost any mains supply ...
Fig 1: Classification of three-phase AC-AC converter circuits. [1] Referring to Fig 1, AC-AC converters can be categorized as follows: Indirect AC-AC (or AC/DC-AC) converters (i.e., with rectifier, DC link and inverter), [2] such as those used in variable frequency drives; Cycloconverters; Hybrid matrix converters; Matrix converters (MC)
US Patent 4257087, [7] filed in 1979, "DC-to-DC switching converter with zero input and output current ripple and integrated magnetics circuits", inventor Slobodan Ćuk. US Patent 4274133, [8] filed in 1979, "DC-to-DC Converter having reduced ripple without need for adjustments", inventor Slobodan Ćuk and R. D. Middlebrook.