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5 Indonesia: 1586 [2] 6,000 Santa María: 6 Guatemala: 1902 1902 eruption of Santa María [3] 5,160 Kelud: 4 Indonesia: 1919 [2] 4,011 Mount Galunggung: 5 Indonesia: 1822 [4] 3,360 Mount Vesuvius: 5 Italy: 1631 1631 eruption of Mount Vesuvius: 3,000 Ritter Island: 2 Papua New Guinea: 1888 1888 Ritter Island eruption and tsunami: 2,957 Mount ...
In a volcanic eruption, lava, volcanic bombs, ash, and various gases are expelled from a volcanic vent and fissure. While many eruptions only pose dangers to the immediately surrounding area, Earth 's largest eruptions can have a major regional or even global impact, with some affecting the climate and contributing to mass extinctions .
Cerro Guacha, Bolivia; 5.6–5.8 Ma (Guacha ignimbrite). [61] Lord Howe Island, Australia; Mount Lidgbird and Mount Gower are both made of basalt rock, remnants of lava flows that once filled a large volcanic caldera 6.4 Ma. [62] Yellowstone hotspot, Heise volcanic field, Idaho; 5.51 Ma ±0.13 (Conant Creek Tuff). [60]
A.D. 79: Mount Vesuvius, Italy. Mount Vesuvius has erupted eight times in the last 17,000 years, most recently in 1944, but the big one was in A.D. 17. One of the most violent eruptions in history ...
Mayon Volcano, the Philippines most active volcano. It has been the site of many different types of eruptions, Peléan included. Approximately 40 ravines radiate from the summit and provide pathways for frequent pyroclastic flows and mudflows to the lowlands below. Mayon's most violent eruption occurred in 1814 and was responsible for over 1200 ...
On 4 November 2024, the volcano spewed molten debris at several villages some 4 km (2.5 mi) away, destroying homes and killing at least nine. [74] The Centre of Volcanology and Geological Hazard Mitigation recommended that a 7 km (4.3 mi) radius around the volcano be evacuated. [75] Seven villages were affected by the eruption. [76]
The volcano was dormant for about half of last century, but rumbled back to life with a series of relatively small eruptions beginning in the 1990s. The government ordered evacuations then, and ...
The 1991 eruption rated 6 on the Volcanic Explosivity Index and came some 450–500 years after the volcano's last known eruptive activity. The eruption ejected about 10 km 3 (2.4 cu mi) of material, making it the largest eruption of the 20th century since that of Novarupta in 1912 and some ten times larger than the 1980 eruption of Mount St ...