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The name "telescope" was coined for Galileo's instrument by a Greek mathematician, Giovanni Demisiani, [182] [183] at a banquet held in 1611 by Prince Federico Cesi to make Galileo a member of his Accademia dei Lincei. [184] In 1610, he used a telescope at close range to magnify the parts of insects.
Although Galileo did indeed discover Jupiter's four moons before Marius, Io, Europa, Ganymede, and Callisto are now the names of Galileo's four moons. By 1626 knowledge of the telescope had spread to China when German Jesuit and astronomer Johann Adam Schall von Bell published Yuan jing shuo, (Explanation of the Telescope) in Chinese and Latin.
Notes on Hans Lippershey's unsuccessful telescope patent in 1608. The first record of a telescope comes from the Netherlands in 1608. It is in a patent filed by Middelburg spectacle-maker Hans Lippershey with the States General of the Netherlands on 2 October 1608 for his instrument "for seeing things far away as if they were nearby." [12] A few weeks later another Dutch instrument-maker ...
Galileo began his telescopic observations in the later part of 1609, and by March 1610 was able to publish a small book, The Starry Messenger (Sidereus Nuncius), describing some of his discoveries: mountains on the Moon, lesser moons in orbit around Jupiter, and the resolution of what had been thought to be very cloudy masses in the sky (nebulae) into collections of stars too faint to see ...
Galileo Galilei was an Italian scientist who is sometimes referred to as the "father of modern observational astronomy". [16] His improvements to the telescope, astronomical observations, and support for Copernicanism were all integral to the Copernican Revolution.
Galileo's 13 March 1610, Sidereus Nuncius (Starry Messenger), which announced celestial observations through his telescope, does not explicitly mention Copernican heliocentrism, a theory that placed the Sun at the center of the universe. Nevertheless, Galileo accepted the Copernican theory. [6]
Galileo Galilei was among the first to use a telescope to observe the sky, and after constructing a 20x refractor telescope. [83] He discovered the four largest moons of Jupiter in 1610, which are now collectively known as the Galilean moons , in his honor. [ 84 ]
In the first months of 1610, Galileo Galilei—using his powerful new telescope—discovered four satellites orbiting Jupiter. Upon publishing his account as Sidereus Nuncius [Starry Messenger], Galileo sought the opinion of Kepler, in part to bolster the credibility of his observations.