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Udder of a cow. An udder is an organ formed of two or four mammary glands on the females of dairy animals and ruminants such as cattle, goats, and sheep. [1] An udder is equivalent to the breast in primates, elephantine pachyderms and other mammals.
A cow with a prominent poll. The poll is a name of the part of an animal's head, alternatively referencing a point immediately behind or right between the ears. This area of the anatomy is of particular significance for the horse. Specifically, the "poll" refers to the occipital protrusion at the back of the skull.
It has two ends: the butt and the "tail". The smaller, pointed end—the "tail"—starts a little past the ribs, growing in thickness until it ends in the "sirloin" primal cut, which is closer to the butt of the cow. [4] This muscle does very little work, so it is the tenderest part of the beef. [5]
It has been bred selectively to produce the highest yields of milk of any cow. The average in the UK is around 22 litres per day. [102] [103] Dairy is a large industry worldwide. In 2023, the 27 European Union countries produced 143 million tons of cow's milk; the United States 104.1 million tons; and India 99.5 million tons. [107]
Beef is classified according to different parts of the cow, specifically "chest lao" (the fat on the front of the cow's chest), "fat callus" (a piece of meat on the belly of the cow), and diaolong (a long piece of meat on the back of the beef back), "neck ren" (a small piece of meat protruding from the shoulder blade of a beef) and so on.
To cut a T-bone from butchered cattle, a lumbar vertebra is sawn in half through the vertebral column.The downward prong of the 'T' is a transverse process of the vertebra, and the flesh surrounding it is the spinal muscles.
A cow hoof is cloven, or divided, into two approximately equal parts, usually called claws. [12] Approximately 95% of lameness in dairy cattle occurs in the feet. [ 12 ] Lameness in dairy cows can reduce milk production and fertility, and cause reproductive problems and suffering.
The loins, or lumbus, are the sides between the lower ribs and pelvis, and the lower part of the back. [1] [2] [3] The term is used to describe the anatomy of humans and quadrupeds, such as horses, [4] [5] pigs, [6] [7] or cattle. [8] The anatomical reference also applies to particular cuts of meat, including tenderloin or sirloin steak. [2]