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A decomposition with local endomorphism rings [5] (cf. #Azumaya's theorem): a direct sum of modules whose endomorphism rings are local rings (a ring is local if for each element x, either x or 1 − x is a unit). Serial decomposition: a direct sum of uniserial modules (a module is uniserial if the lattice of submodules is a finite chain [6]).
In mathematics, a polynomial decomposition expresses a polynomial f as the functional composition of polynomials g and h, where g and h have degree greater than 1; it is an algebraic functional decomposition. Algorithms are known for decomposing univariate polynomials in polynomial time.
Similarly, the singular values of any matrix can be viewed as the magnitude of the semiaxis of an -dimensional ellipsoid in -dimensional space, for example as an ellipse in a (tilted) 2D plane in a 3D space. Singular values encode magnitude of the semiaxis, while singular vectors encode direction.
For example, the p i may be the factors of the square-free factorization of g. When K is the field of rational numbers , as it is typically the case in computer algebra , this allows to replace factorization by greatest common divisor computation for computing a partial fraction decomposition.
A Voronoi diagram is a special kind of decomposition of a metric space determined by distances to a specified discrete set of objects in the space, e.g., by a discrete set of points. This diagram is named after Georgy Voronoi, also called a Voronoi tessellation, a Voronoi decomposition, or a Dirichlet tessellation after Peter Gustav Lejeune ...
Decomposition: This is a version of Schur decomposition where and only contain real numbers. One can always write A = V S V T {\displaystyle A=VSV^{\mathsf {T}}} where V is a real orthogonal matrix , V T {\displaystyle V^{\mathsf {T}}} is the transpose of V , and S is a block upper triangular matrix called the real Schur form .
For example, the equation (+) = has no real solution, because the square of a real number cannot be negative, but has the two nonreal complex solutions + and . Addition, subtraction and multiplication of complex numbers can be naturally defined by using the rule i 2 = − 1 {\displaystyle i^{2}=-1} along with the associative , commutative , and ...
In mathematics, the Lasker–Noether theorem states that every Noetherian ring is a Lasker ring, which means that every ideal can be decomposed as an intersection, called primary decomposition, of finitely many primary ideals (which are related to, but not quite the same as, powers of prime ideals).