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  2. Single displacement reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Single_displacement_reaction

    A single-displacement reaction, also known as single replacement reaction or exchange reaction, is an archaic concept in chemistry. It describes the stoichiometry of some chemical reactions in which one element or ligand is replaced by atom or group. [1] [2] [3] It can be represented generically as: + +

  3. Substitution reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Substitution_reaction

    The two reactions are named according tho their rate law, with S N 1 having a first-order rate law, and S N 2 having a second-order. [2] S N 1 reaction mechanism occurring through two steps. The S N 1 mechanism has two steps. In the first step, the leaving group departs, forming a carbocation (C +). In the second step, the nucleophilic reagent ...

  4. Amino acid replacement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amino_acid_replacement

    Amino acid replacement is a change from one amino acid to a different amino acid in a protein due to point mutation in the corresponding DNA sequence. It is caused by nonsynonymous missense mutation which changes the codon sequence to code other amino acid instead of the original.

  5. Nonsynonymous substitution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonsynonymous_substitution

    This ratio is used to measure the evolutionary rate of gene sequences. [1] If a gene has lower levels of nonsynonymous than synonymous nucleotide substitution, then it can be inferred to be functional because a K a /K s ratio < 1 is a hallmark of sequences that are being constrained to code for proteins.

  6. Conservative replacement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conservative_replacement

    A conservative replacement (also called a conservative mutation or a conservative substitution or a homologous replacement) is an amino acid replacement in a protein that changes a given amino acid to a different amino acid with similar biochemical properties (e.g. charge, hydrophobicity and size).

  7. Reaction rate constant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reaction_rate_constant

    where A and B are reactants C is a product a, b, and c are stoichiometric coefficients,. the reaction rate is often found to have the form: = [] [] Here ⁠ ⁠ is the reaction rate constant that depends on temperature, and [A] and [B] are the molar concentrations of substances A and B in moles per unit volume of solution, assuming the reaction is taking place throughout the volume of the ...

  8. Replacement rate - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/?title=Replacement_rate&redirect=no

    From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. Redirect page

  9. Chemical reaction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chemical_reaction

    A chemical reaction is a process that leads to the chemical transformation of one set of chemical substances to another. [1] When chemical reactions occur, the atoms are rearranged and the reaction is accompanied by an energy change as new products are generated.