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Retinal detachment is a condition where the retina pulls away from the tissue underneath it. [1] [2] [3] It may start in a small area, but without quick treatment, it can spread across the entire retina, leading to serious vision loss and possibly blindness. [4] Retinal detachment is a medical emergency that requires surgery. [2] [3]
Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) is a disease that develops as a complication of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.PVR occurs in about 8–10% of patients undergoing primary retinal detachment surgery and prevents the successful surgical repair of rhegmatogenous retinal detachment.
Macular edema [11] and surgical re-attachment for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment [4] can also cause an increased separation of macular photoreceptor cells resulting in dysmetropsia. Retinoschisis is another eye disease that has been shown to cause aniseikonia. [3]
Micropsia can result from retinal edema causing a dislocation of the receptor cells. Photoreceptor misalignment seems to occur following the surgical re-attachment for macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment. After surgery, patients may experience micropsia as a result of larger photoreceptor separation [21] by edematous fluid. [22]
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment, when the retina breaks allowing vitreous fluid to leak into the subretinal space, resulting from intravitreal injection is rare, occurring at most in 0.67% of people. [6] This fluid can cause sensory tissues to detach from the retina, thus losing their source of nutrition, and slowly killing the cells. [8]
Aqueous cells without the signs of uveitis, elevated intraocular pressure and rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with tears around the ora serrata are the main signs of Schwartz–Matsuo syndrome. [1] Intra ocular pressure can be as high as 60–70 mm Hg and is responsive to aqueous suppressants. [ 3 ]
Rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (H33.1) ... (H35.81) Macular edema — distorted central vision, due to a swollen macula (H35.9) Retinal disorder, unspecified [1]
Proliferative sickle retinopathy is the most severe ocular complication of sickle cell disease. Even though PSCR begins in the first decade of life, the condition remains asymptomatic and unnoticed until visual symptoms occur due to vitreous hemorrhage or retinal detachment.