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Color of vomit [16] Bright red in the vomit suggests bleeding from the esophagus; Dark red vomit with liver-like clots suggests profuse bleeding in the stomach, such as from a perforated ulcer; Coffee-ground-like vomit suggests less severe bleeding in the stomach because the gastric acid has had time to change the composition of the blood
Esophagitis, esophageal varices, gastritis, cirrhosis or gastric ulcers for example, may bleed and produce coffee-ground vomitus. When unaccompanied by melena, hematemesis or a fall in hemoglobin with corresponding urea rises and creates an unstable reaction, and other causes of coffee ground vomitus need to be elucidated; for example, gastric stasis, bowel obstruction or ileus, that can cause ...
An infectious cause of nausea and vomiting such as gastroenteritis may present several hours to days after the food was ingested. [15] The contents of the emesis is a valuable clue towards determining the cause. Bits of fecal matter in the emesis indicate obstruction in the distal intestine or the colon. Emesis that is of a bilious nature ...
Hematemesis is the vomiting of blood. [1] This is usually vomit that contains bright red blood. [2] Coffee ground vomiting is similar to hematemesis, but is distinct in not involving bright red blood. [3] Hematemesis must be differentiated from hemoptysis (coughing up blood) and epistaxis (nosebleed). [4] Both of these are more common conditions.
Fecal vomiting or copremesis is a kind of vomiting wherein the material vomited is of fecal origin. It is a common symptom of gastrojejunocolic fistula and intestinal obstruction in the ileum . [ 1 ] [ 2 ] Fecal vomiting is often accompanied by gastrointestinal symptoms, including abdominal pain , abdominal distension , dehydration , and diarrhea .
Digested blood from the upper gastrointestinal tract may appear black rather than red, resulting in "coffee ground" vomit or melena. [2] Other signs and symptoms include feeling tired, dizziness, and pale skin color. [18] A number of foods and medications can turn the stool either red or black in the absence of bleeding. [2]
It can also cause a cascade that includes releasing "histamine and other secondary proteins to make the nose or throat swollen and feel stuffy, painful or sick," says Nasseri.
Porphyria / p ɔːr ˈ f ɪr i ə / is a group of disorders in which substances called porphyrins build up in the body, adversely affecting the skin or nervous system. [1] The types that affect the nervous system are also known as acute porphyria, as symptoms are rapid in onset and short in duration. [1]