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These phases are mitigation, preparation, response, and recovery. [4] While each phase has a distinct role in the emergency management process, there are aspects of each that interconnect with others. A management process without any one of the four phases could be deemed incomplete and inadequate. [5] Mitigation is easily defined as prevention.
The most important part of the CIP lifecycle is Phase 1. Because it is crucial to target the right assets for infrastructure protection, determining these assets is the first phase in the CIP life cycle. This phase, Analysis and Assessment, is the key and foundation of the seven lifecycle activities.
Preparedness is a major phase of emergency management, and is particularly valued in areas of competition such as sport and military science. Methods of preparation include research , estimation , planning , resourcing, education , practicing, and rehearsing .
Preparedness measures can take many forms ranging from focusing on individual people, locations or incidents to broader, government-based "all hazard" planning. [43] There are a number of preparedness stages between "all hazard" and individual planning, generally involving some combination of both mitigation and response planning.
ESF #8 – Public Health and Medical Services (PHMS): the primary agency responsible for PHMS is the Dept. of Health and Human Services (HHS). The authority to coordinate ESF 8 has been bestowed upon the Assistant Secretary for Preparedness and Response (ASPR) [5] by the Secretary of HHS. PHMS provides the ability for HHS to coordinate and lead ...
The NIMS is designed to provide a framework for interoperability and compatibility among the various members of the response community. The end result is a flexible framework that facilitates governmental and nongovernmental agencies working together at all levels during all phases of an incident, regardless of its size, complexity, or location.
A case study of Niger showed positive cost and benefit results for preparedness spending across 3 different scenarios (from the absolute level of disaster loss, to the potential reduction in disaster loss and the discount rate), estimating that every $1 spent results in $3.25 to $5.31 of benefit. [40]
In October 1994, the Stafford Act was amended to incorporate most of the former Civil Defense Act of 1950. In 1996 the Federal Radiological Emergency Response Plan (FRERP) [5] was signed into law. The Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and FEMA prepared a plan outlining the federal government's response for peacetime radiological emergencies ...