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  2. Indifference curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Indifference_curve

    The theory of indifference curves was developed by Francis Ysidro Edgeworth, who explained in his 1881 book the mathematics needed for their drawing; [3] later on, Vilfredo Pareto was the first author to actually draw these curves, in his 1906 book.

  3. Markowitz model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Markowitz_model

    Indifference curves C 1, C 2 and C 3 are shown. Each of the different points on a particular indifference curve shows a different combination of risk and return, which provide the same satisfaction to the investors. Each curve to the left represents higher utility or satisfaction. The goal of the investor would be to maximize their satisfaction ...

  4. Community indifference curve - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Community_indifference_curve

    A community indifference curve is an illustration of different combinations of commodity quantities that would bring a whole community the same level of utility. The model can be used to describe any community, such as a town or an entire nation.

  5. Edgeworth box - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Edgeworth_box

    Whether indifference curves are primitive or derivable from utility functions; and; Whether indifference curves are convex. Assumptions are also made of a more technical nature, e.g. non-reversibility, saturation, etc. The pursuit of rigour is not always conducive to intelligibility. In this article indifference curves will be treated as primitive.

  6. Francis Ysidro Edgeworth - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Francis_Ysidro_Edgeworth

    He developed utility theory, introducing the indifference curve and the famous Edgeworth box, which is now familiar to undergraduate students of microeconomics. He is also known for the Edgeworth conjecture , which states that the core of an economy shrinks to the set of competitive equilibria as the number of agents in the economy gets larger.

  7. Convexity in economics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Convexity_in_economics

    At this optimal vector, the budget line supports the indifference curve I 2. An optimal basket of goods occurs where the consumer's convex preference set is supported by the budget constraint, as shown in the diagram. If the preference set is convex, then the consumer's set of optimal decisions is a convex set, for example, a unique optimal ...

  8. Local nonsatiation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Local_nonsatiation

    An indifference curve is a set of all commodity bundles providing consumers with the same level of utility. The indifference curve is named so because the consumer would be indifferent between choosing any of these bundles. The indifference curves are not thick because of LNS.

  9. Vilfredo Pareto - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vilfredo_Pareto

    Pareto argued that in all countries and times the distribution of income and wealth is highly skewed, with a few holding most of the wealth. He argued that all observed societies follow a regular logarithmic pattern: N = A x m {\displaystyle \ N=Ax^{m}} where N is the number of people with wealth higher than x, and A and m are constants.