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Primary indicator minerals can be used to identify gold deposits, kimberlites, and massive sulfide deposits. [7] The indicator minerals are further used to track dispersal trains in streams, which may determine the location of primary ores/minerals, and their source.
Deposits are classified as primary, alluvial or placer deposits, or residual or laterite deposits. Often a deposit will contain a mixture of all three types of ore. Plate tectonics is the underlying mechanism for generating gold deposits. The majority of primary gold deposits fall into two main categories: lode gold deposits or intrusion ...
In ore deposit geology, hypogene processes occur deep below the Earth's surface, and tend to form deposits of primary minerals, as opposed to supergene processes that occur at or near the surface, and tend to form secondary minerals. [1] At great depth the pressure is high, and water can remain liquid at temperatures well above 100 °C.
Sphalerite ZnS (primary) alters to secondary hemimorphite Zn 4 Si 2 O 7 (OH) 2.H 2 O, smithsonite ZnCO 3 and manganese-bearing willemite Zn 2 SiO 4. [2] [5] Pyrite FeS 2 (primary) alters to secondary melanterite FeSO 4.7H 2 O. [5] If the original deposits contain arsenic and phosphorus bearing minerals, secondary arsenates and phosphates will ...
An ore deposit is an economically significant accumulation of minerals within a host rock. [9] This is distinct from a mineral resource in that it is a mineral deposit occurring in high enough concentration to be economically viable. [4] An ore deposit is one occurrence of a particular ore type. [10]
The Oubasi orogenic gold deposit in Southern Ghana is host to mineral resources of over 70 Moz Au at a grade of 7.39g/t or higher, with a past production of 32 Moz Au. [9] The deposit is located in the Birimian orogen, where gold mining is known to have taken place back to the 17th century, but modern industrial-scale mining began in 1897 by ...
An ore shoot is a hypogenic mass that is deposited in veins within a planar channel or lode, found in a shear or fault zone, fissure or lithologic boundary. [1] The ore shoot is the area of concentration which contains a primary ore along the veins present in the rock, and consists of the most valuable part of the deposit.
Hydrothermal mineral deposits are accumulations of valuable minerals which formed from hot waters circulating in Earth's crust through fractures. They eventually produce metallic -rich fluids concentrated in a selected volume of rock, which become supersaturated and then precipitate ore minerals.