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Pectinate muscles make up the part of the wall in front of this, the right atrial appendage. [citation needed] In the left atrium, the pectinate muscles are confined to the inner surface of its atrial appendage. [1] They tend to be fewer and smaller than in the right atrium.
The crista terminalis provides the origin for the pectinate muscles. [citation needed] The sinoatrial node is located in the superior part of the crista terminalis at the junction of the right atrium, and superior vena cava. [2]: 60
The right atrial appendage is a pouch-like extension of the right atrium and is covered by a trabecula network of pectinate muscles. The interatrial septum separates the right atrium from the left atrium; this is marked by a depression in the right atrium – the fossa ovalis. The atria are depolarised by calcium. [6]
The trabeculae carneae and the papillary muscles make up a significant percentage of the ventricular mass in the heart (12-17% in normal human adult hearts), and are correlated with ventricular end diastolic volume. [5] Trabeculae ratios of capillary-to myocyte differ between the walls of the right and left ventricle.
Internally, the crista terminalis is a prominent muscle bundle from which the pectinate muscles of the right atrium originate. The terminal crest corresponds to the external sulcus terminalis. [14] [12] The fossa ovalis lies on the interatrial wall and is the remnant of the prenatal atrial communication. [12]
Pectinate may refer to: Pectinate line, a line which divides the upper two thirds and lower third of the anal canal; Pectinate muscles, parallel ridges in the walls of the atria of the heart; A salt of the heteropolysaccharide pectin
The moderator band (also known as septomarginal trabecula [1]) is a band of cardiac muscle found in the right ventricle of the heart. [2] [3] [4] It is well-marked in sheep and some other animals, including humans. It extends from the base of the anterior papillary muscle of the tricuspid valve to the ventricular septum. [2]
The sinus venarum (also known as the sinus of the vena cava, or sinus venarum cavarum [1]) is the portion of the right atrium in the adult human heart [2] where the inner surface [3] of the right atrium is smooth, [2] [3] whereas the rest of the inner surface is rough [3] (trabeculated [2]) due to the presence of pectinate muscles. [4]