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Spina bifida is a type of neural tube defect related to but distinct from other types such as anencephaly and encephalocele. [13] Most cases of spina bifida can be prevented if the mother gets enough folate before and during pregnancy. [3] Adding folic acid to flour has been found to be effective for most women. [14]
Spina bifida occulta means hidden split spine. [20] In this type of neural tube defect, the meninges do not herniate through the opening in the spinal canal. [19] The most frequently seen form of spina bifida occulta is when parts of the bones of the spine, called the spinous process, and the neural arch appear abnormal on a radiogram, without ...
The 66A>G polymorphism is up-regulated in neural tube defects and increases the risk of spina bifida by two-fold. [38] Homozygosis for this mutation is an established maternal risk factor for spina bifida especially with low intracellular vitamin B12 [39] in the circulation or amniotic fluid. [13]
Folic acid and B12 help prevent birth defects such as spina bifida, vitamin D helps to keep bones, teeth and muscles healthy, and riboflavin supports the growth of bone, muscle and nerves in ...
A meta-analysis of global birth prevalence of spina bifida showed that when a national, mandatory program to fortify the diet with folate was compared to countries without such a fortification program, there was a 30% reduction in live births with spina bifida. [33] Some countries reported a greater than 50% reduction. [34]
Vitamins are essential for our health. Our bodies just cannot function without them. Although most of our vitamins are obtained from our diet, one-third of adults, and more than 50% of those over ...
For example, a lack of folic acid, a B vitamin, in the diet of a mother can cause cellular neural tube deformities that result in spina bifida. Congenital disorders such as a neural tube deformity can be prevented by 72% if the mother consumes 4 mg of folic acid before the conception and after twelve weeks of pregnancy. [ 70 ]
How vitamin B12 deficiency is detected. If a doctor suspects a vitamin B12 deficiency, they will usually order blood work to check a patient’s levels, Kaiser says. But having lower vitamin B12 ...