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The M1 Garand or M1 rifle [nb 1] is a semi-automatic rifle that was the service rifle of the U.S. Army during World War II and the Korean War. The rifle is chambered for the .30-06 Springfield cartridge and is named after its Canadian-American designer, John Garand .
Jean Cantius Garand (/ ˈ ɡ ær ən d / GARR-ənd, French: [ʒɑ̃ ɡaʁɑ̃]; January 1, 1888 – February 16, 1974), also known as John C. Garand, was a Canadian-American designer of firearms who created the M1 Garand, a semi-automatic rifle that was widely used by the U.S. Army and U.S. Marine Corps during both World War II and the Korean War.
[28] [29] The resulting Semi-Automatic, Caliber .30, M1 Rifle was patented by Garand in 1932, approved by the U.S. Army on January 9, 1936, and went into mass production in 1940. [30] Thus, in 1936, the American M1 Garand rifle became the first gas-operated semi-automatic rifle to be adopted by a country as their standard-issue service rifle.
M1 carbine.30 Carbine: Semi-automatic Carbine United States [18] [13] M1 Garand.30-06 Springfield: Semi-automatic rifle United States: Imported to Ireland in large numbers from 1970 onwards. [14] Still in widespread general use in early 1980s. [19] AR-15: 5.56×45mm NATO: Semi-automatic rifle United States: Smuggled to Ireland by the Harrison ...
M1 carbine (Received 230 carbines from Lend-Lease. Limited use) [49] M1 Garand (Garands were issued to certain Canadian Army units near the end of World War II) Ross rifle (Used for training up to 1943) [47] Enfield M1917 (Used for training) [47]
The M1 Garand (top) and M1 Carbine. The U.S. Army was influenced by combat experience with semi-automatic weapons such as the M1 Garand and M1 Carbine, which enjoyed a significant advantage over enemies armed primarily with bolt-action rifles. [27]
When first recommended for adoption, M1 Garand rifles were chambered for the .276 Pedersen, which held ten rounds in its unique en-bloc clips. [1] The .276 Pedersen was a shorter, lighter and lower pressure round than the .30-06, which made the design of an autoloading rifle easier than the long, powerful .30-06.
The bayonet also fits the U.S. M1 Garand rifle. From 1943 to 1945, a shorter, 10 in (25 cm), bladed version was produced with either black or dark red molded plastic grips, and designated the M1 bayonet. A number of M1905 bayonets were recalled from service, their blades cut down, and reissued as M1 bayonets.