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In the United States, Southern Unionists were white Southerners living in the Confederate States of America opposed to secession. Many fought for the Union during the Civil War. These people are also referred to as Southern Loyalists, Union Loyalists, [1] or Lincoln's Loyalists. [2]
The term Southern Unionist, and its variations, incorporate a spectrum of beliefs and actions.Some, such as Texas governor Sam Houston, were vocal in their support of Southern interests, but believed that those interests could best be maintained by remaining in the Union as it existed.
John L. Handcox (1904–1992) was a Great Depression-era tenant farmer and union advocate from Arkansas known for his politically charged songs and poetry.Handcox is noted for playing a "vital role in bettering the lives of sharecroppers and energizing labor union organizers and members."
Unionist political parties in the border states and areas of the Confederacy occupied by the Union Army had a variety of names, including the Union Party, the Union Democratic Party, and the Unconditional Union Party. [14] As the war progressed, rival Radical and Conservative organizations divided Unionists in several states.
Paint Bank, Virginia was known as a Union-Hole because of the pro-Union membership in these societies. One of the members of the Order was a Christiansburg, Virginia wheelwright named Williams. It is not known if this is the same man named Williams that residents of Back Valley, Virginia spoke about as a member of the Loyal League .
The Union Party, known as the Constitutional Union Party in the state of Georgia, was a political party organized in several slave states to support the Compromise of 1850. It was one of two major parties in the states of Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi in the early 1850s, alongside the Southern Rights Party.
Newton Knight (November 10, 1829 – February 16, 1922) was an American farmer, soldier, and Southern Unionist in Mississippi, best known as the leader of the Knight Company, a band of Confederate Army deserters who resisted the Confederacy during the Civil War.
Wayne was a Southern Unionist, and against the formation of the Confederate States of America, which was shocking because he was from the state of Georgia. As a Unionist in a southern state, Wayne took a careful approach on the ideals of nullification and consolidation.