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Motor vehicle type approval is the method by which motor vehicles, vehicle trailers and systems, components and separate technical units intended for such vehicles achieve type approval in the European Union (EU) or in other UN-ECE member states. There is no EU approval body: authorized approval bodies of member states are responsible for type ...
It aims to replace the previous and regional New European Driving Cycle (NEDC) as the new European vehicle homologation procedure. Its final version was released in 2015. One of the main goals of the WLTP is to better match the laboratory estimates of fuel consumption and emissions with the measures of an on-road driving condition. [4]
The grey market reached 66,900 vehicles imported by individual consumers in 1985, and altered to meet U.S. design regulations. [15] It is no longer possible to import a vehicle into the United States as a personal import, with four exceptions, none of which permits Americans to buy recent vehicles not officially available in the United States. [16]
Vehicle type approval is the confirmation that production samples of a design will meet specified performance standards. [4] Traditionally, there are two systems of type approval in Europe. The first one is based on the EC directives and regulates the approval of whole vehicles, vehicle systems, and separate components.
The first steps toward harmonizing vehicle regulations internationally were made in 1952 when WP.29, a working party of experts on vehicles' technical requirements, was created. This resulted in the 1958 Agreement on uniform conditions of approval and mutual recognition of vehicle approvals, components, and parts.
The European Commission intends to introduce a type approval procedure to measure the energy efficiency of mobile air conditioning systems in vehicles, as well as its effect on fuel consumption and emissions, and display an efficiency label on the vehicle; the work is being performed by TU Graz (Institute for Internal combustion engines and ...
Example of a white oval plate or sticker; this one represents Switzerland A 1960 Borgward Isabella showing the international vehicle code NL (Netherlands) Estonian registration plate in EU standard format with international code EST Indian vehicle registration plate in Indian standard format with international code IND Brazilian vehicle registration plate in Mercosur standard format with ...
The procedure involves instrumentation of the test vehicle to collect information while driving on the test road. There are two major types of data to be collected, Driver Behavior data and Vehicle versus Road data. The Vehicle versus Road data are used to prepare the road drive cycle and the Driver Behavior data to prepare the Driver model.