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Pathos (/ ˈ p eɪ θ ɒ s /, US: / ˈ p eɪ θ oʊ s /; pl. pathea or pathê; Ancient Greek: πάθος, romanized: páthos, lit. ' suffering or experience ') appeals to the emotions and ideals of the audience and elicits feelings that already reside in them. [ 1 ]
Pathos (plural: pathea) is an appeal to the audience's emotions. [6]: 42 The terms sympathy, pathetic, and empathy are derived from it. It can be in the form of metaphor, simile, a passionate delivery, or even a simple claim that a matter is unjust. Pathos can be particularly powerful if used well, but most speeches do not solely rely on pathos.
George A. Kennedy in a note to On Rhetoric: A Theory of Civic Discourse remarks that ethos predominantly refers to the "moral character" of actions and mind. Kennedy reveals the purpose of chapters 12–17 as a demonstration to the speaker of "how his ethos must attend and adjust to the ethos of varied types of auditor if he is to address them ...
This concept is deeply rooted in rhetorical theory and is a fundamental aspect of effective communication across various disciplines, including literature, public speaking, and academic writing. Rhetorical stance is the position or perspective that a writer or speaker adopts to convey a message to an audience.
In general, pathos refers to the use of an emotional appeal. The term "corporate pathos" describes the use of emotional arguments alongside rational explanations for organizations to convince audiences of their given position. [3] The corporate pathos technique is used by businesses facing a crisis and an angry public.
History and political science are interested in the role of propaganda in shaping historical events. [5] In business, persuasion is aimed at influencing a person's (or group's) attitude or behaviour towards some event, idea, object, or another person (s) by using written, spoken, or visual methods to convey information, feelings, or reasoning ...
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Aristotle's Rhetoric, renowned for its modes of persuasion in ethos, logos, and pathos, gave mankind its first recorded guide to and theory of social influence. Aristotle recognized that different appeals are necessary for different types of persuasion, and that these appeals can be tailored and refined to better suit the audience or better suit the product or idea at hand.