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While its mechanism of action is not entirely clear, senna is thought to act by increasing fluid secretion within and contraction of the large intestine. [1] Sennosides come from the group of plants Senna. [3] In plant form, it has been used at least since the 700s AD. [7] It is on the World Health Organization's List of Essential Medicines. [8]
Docusate is the common chemical and pharmaceutical name of the anion bis(2-ethylhexyl) sulfosuccinate, also commonly called dioctyl sulfosuccinate (DOSS). [ 2 ] [ 3 ] [ 4 ] Salts of this anion, especially docusate sodium , are widely used in medicine as laxatives and as stool softeners , by mouth or rectally. [ 1 ]
Sodium picosulfate is a prodrug. [5] It has no significant direct physiological effect on the intestine; however, it is metabolised by gut bacteria into the active compound 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl-(2-pyridyl)methane (DPM, BHPM).
Lubiprostone is a laxative used for the treatment of constipation, specifically: [9] Chronic idiopathic constipation (difficult or infrequent passage of stools that lasts for 3 months or longer and is not caused by diet, disease, or drugs).
Bisacodyl is an organic compound that is used as a stimulant laxative drug. It works directly on the colon to produce a bowel movement. It is typically prescribed for relief of episodic and chronic constipation and for the management of neurogenic bowel dysfunction, as well as part of bowel preparation before medical examinations, such as for a colonoscopy.
Tegaserod is a 5-HT 4 agonist manufactured by Novartis and sold under the names Zelnorm and Zelmac for the management of irritable bowel syndrome and constipation. [1] Approved by the FDA in 2002, it was subsequently removed from the market in 2007 due to FDA concerns about possible adverse cardiovascular effects.
Atosiban is used to delay birth in adult women who are 24 to 33 weeks pregnant, when they show signs that they may give birth pre-term (prematurely). [4] These signs include regular contractions lasting at least 30 seconds at a rate of at least four every 30 minutes, [4] and dilation of the cervix (the neck of the womb) of 1 to 3 cm and an effacement (a measure of the thinness of the cervix ...
[7] [128] The pharmacokinetic parameters of 250 mg hydroxyprogesterone caproate once per week by intramuscular injection have also been studied in pregnant women with singleton and multiple (twin and triplet) gestation. [9] [120] [121] Steady state levels of the medication are achieved within 4 to 12 weeks of administration in pregnant women. [1]