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Recurrent airway obstruction, also known as broken wind, heaves, wind-broke horse, or sometimes by the term usually reserved for humans, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or disorder (COPD) – it is a respiratory disease or chronic condition of horses involving an allergic bronchitis characterised by wheezing, coughing and laboured breathing.
Choke is a condition in horses in which the esophagus is blocked, usually by food material. Although the horse is still able to breathe, it is unable to swallow, and may become severely dehydrated . A secondary condition, aspiration pneumonia , may also develop if food material and saliva accumulate in the pharynx, spilling into the trachea and ...
Hypersalivation can contribute to drooling if there is an inability to keep the mouth closed or difficulty in swallowing (dysphagia) the excess saliva, which can lead to excessive spitting. Hypersalivation also often precedes emesis (vomiting), where it accompanies nausea (a feeling of needing to vomit).
An adult horse has an average rate of respiration at rest of 12 to 24 breaths per minute. [3] Young foals have higher resting respiratory rates than adult horses, usually 36 to 40 breaths per minute. [3] Heat and humidity can raise the respiration rate considerably, especially if the horse has a dark coat and is in the sun.
Equine facial nerves. Headshaking may be caused by a variety of medical issues, such as ear ticks or mites, dental diseases, airway abnormalities, skull trauma, sinusitis, etc. [3] However, the most common and well-researched cause is trigeminal neuralgia, a neurological condition that affects the animal's trigeminal nerve and results in abnormal firing. [1]
Management is key for treating horses with Chronic ER as in most cases this type of ER doesn't go away. Reducing the trigger effects will help with management of the animal. [6] In some cases a licensed veterinarian may prescribe tranquilizers if the horse is thrashing or nervous. This will help to keep the horse calm and provide some pain relief.
Unless a horse has severe EIPH, with blood present at the nostrils (known as epistaxis), the main sign is usually poor athletic performance; other signs are generally subtle and not easy to detect. [11] Frequent swallowing and coughing in the immediate post-exercise recovery period, and poor appetite post-performance may be suggestive of EIPH.
The psychiatrist to assess the root causes, elaborate an appropriate treatment and follow the progresses. A cure for the condition exists and number of treatments may provide a relief. Medicines that can be prescribed against the cricopharyngeal spasms. Treatments based on medicines. Antispasmodic medicines (immediate benefit)
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