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A place for files that might change frequently - especially in size, for example e-mail sent to users on the system, or process-ID lock files. /var/log: Contains system log files. /var/mail: The place where all incoming mail is stored. Users (other than root) can access their own mail only. Often, this directory is a symbolic link to /var/spool ...
Early Unix filesystems were referred to simply as FS.FS only included the boot block, superblock, a clump of inodes, and the data blocks.This worked well for the small disks early Unixes were designed for, but as technology advanced and disks grew larger, moving the head back and forth between the clump of inodes and the data blocks they referred to caused thrashing.
The native file systems of Unix-like systems also support arbitrary directory hierarchies, as do, Apple's Hierarchical File System and its successor HFS+ in classic Mac OS, the FAT file system in MS-DOS 2.0 and later versions of MS-DOS and in Microsoft Windows, the NTFS file system in the Windows NT family of operating systems, and the ODS-2 ...
Modern Linux distributions include a /sys directory as a virtual filesystem (sysfs, comparable to /proc, which is a procfs), which stores and allows modification of the devices connected to the system, [20] whereas many traditional Unix-like operating systems use /sys as a symbolic link to the kernel source tree.
ext3, or third extended filesystem, is a journaled file system that is commonly used with the Linux kernel.It used to be the default file system for many popular Linux distributions but generally has been supplanted by its successor version ext4. [3]
File system Creator Year of introduction Original operating system; DECtape: DEC: 1964 PDP-6 Monitor OS/3x0 FS: IBM: 1964 OS/360: Level-D DEC: 1968 TOPS-10: George 3 ICT (later ICL) 1968 George 3: Version 6 Unix file system (V6FS) Bell Labs: 1972 Version 6 Unix: RT-11 file system DEC: 1973 RT-11: Disk Operating System GEC: 1973 Core Operating ...
A user can use the same standard file system related calls to access different file systems. [disputed – discuss] The kernel provides these and other basic services: interrupt and trap handling, separation between user and system space, system calls, scheduling, timer and clock handling, file descriptor management.
ext – Extended file system, designed for Linux systems. ext2 – Second extended file system, designed for Linux systems. ext3 – A journaled form of ext2. ext4 – A follow-up for ext3 and also a journaled filesystem with support for extents. ext3cow – A versioning file system form of ext3.