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The name Surya Namaskar is from the Sanskrit सूर्य Sūrya, "Sun" and नमस्कार Namaskāra, "Greeting" or "Salute". [7] Surya is the Hindu god of the sun. [8] This identifies the Sun as the soul and source of all life. [9] Chandra Namaskara is similarly from Sanskrit चन्द्र Chandra, "Moon". [10]
Surya Namaskar or Salute to the Sun is a series of asanas in modern yoga. Many other poses can be inserted in the sequence to provide a set of aerobic exercises in vinyasa style. The main article for this category is Surya Namaskar .
In addition, in the 1920s, Bhawanrao Shriniwasrao Pant Pratinidhi, the Rajah of Aundh, (1868–1951; in office 1909–1947) popularized and named the practice of Surya Namaskar (Sun Salutation), describing it in his 1928 book The Ten-Point Way to Health: Surya Namaskars. [11] [12] Downward Dog appears twice in its sequence of 12 postures. [11]
Chaturanga Dandasana (Sanskrit: चतुरङ्ग दण्डासन; IAST: Caturaṅga Daṇḍāsana) or Four-Limbed Staff pose, [1] also known as Low Plank, is an asana in modern yoga as exercise and in some forms of Surya Namaskar (Salute to the Sun), in which a straight body parallel to the ground is supported by the toes and palms, with elbows at a right angle along the body.
Surya Namaskar can be seen as "a modern, physical culture-oriented rendition" of the simple ancient practice of prostrating oneself to the sun. [ 77 ] In 1966, Iyengar's classic Light on Yoga was able to describe some 200 asanas, [ 78 ] consisting of about 50 main poses with their variations. [ 79 ]
The traditional number of asanas is the symbolic 84, but different texts identify different selections, sometimes listing their names without describing them. [3] [a] Some names have been given to different asanas over the centuries, and some asanas have been known by a variety of names, making tracing and the assignment of dates difficult. [5]
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The name comes from the Sanskrit words अष्ट asht, eight, अङ्ग anga, limb, and नमस्कार namaskar, bowing or greeting. [3]Pant Pratinidhi's 1928 guide to Surya Namaskar, not at that time considered to be yoga, used Ashtanga Namaskara (with forehead on ground) as its fifth step (lower left).