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Anticlinal trap. An anticline is an area of the subsurface where the strata have been pushed into forming a domed shape. If there is a layer of impermeable rock present in this dome shape, then water-insoluble hydrocarbons can accumulate at the crest until the anticline is filled to the spill point (the highest point where hydrocarbons can escape the anticline).
In structural geology, an anticline is a type of fold that is an arch-like shape and has its oldest beds at its core, whereas a syncline is the inverse of an anticline. A typical anticline is convex up in which the hinge or crest is the location where the curvature is greatest, and the limbs are the sides of the fold that dip away from the hinge.
Diagram illustrating a pinch-out petroleum trap. A pinch-out or wedge-out [1] is a point where a stratum or other lithologically distinct body of rock thins to a feather edge and disappears, so that the underlying and overlying strata separated by the pinching out stratum come into direct contact.
A petroleum trap. An irregularity (the trap ) in a layer of impermeable rocks (the seal ) retains upward-flowing petroleum, forming a reservoir. Petroleum or crude oil is a naturally occurring, flammable liquid consisting of a complex mixture of hydrocarbons of various molecular weights, and other organic compounds, found in geologic formations ...
Formation of a river anticline by river erosion and the associated isostatic rebound. As the river erodes the overlying material, the underlying rocks will rebound up, like a block in water if you remove a weight from on top of it, forming an antiformal structure. (Image created by Michael Stevens)
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