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The superior vena cava (SVC) is the superior of the two venae cavae, the great venous trunks that return deoxygenated blood from the systemic circulation to the right atrium of the heart. It is a large-diameter (24 mm) short length vein that receives venous return from the upper half of the body, above the diaphragm .
Oxygenated blood from the placenta is carried to the fetus by the umbilical vein, which will drain into the inferior vena cava (IVC) through the ductus venosus or the liver. [5] When oxygenated blood enters the IVC, it moves in parallel with deoxygenated blood from the fetal systemic veins, establishing a bilaminar blood flow as it enters the ...
In anatomy, the venae cavae (/ ˈ v iː n i ˈ k eɪ v i /; [1] sg.: vena cava / ˈ v iː n ə ˈ k eɪ v ə /; from Latin 'hollow veins') [2] are two large veins (great vessels) that return deoxygenated blood from the body into the heart. In humans they are the superior vena cava and the inferior vena cava, and both empty into the right atrium ...
The inferior vena cava is the larger of the two. The inferior vena cava is retroperitoneal and runs to the right and roughly parallel to the abdominal aorta along the spine. Deep, superficial, and perforator veins. The three main compartments of the venous system are the deep veins, the superficial veins, and the perforator veins. [15]
There is also increased blood stasis due to the compression of the vena cava by the enlargening uterus. [28] Many factors have been shown to increase the risk of clots in pregnancy, including baseline thrombophilia, cesarean section, preeclampsia, etc. [25] Clots usually develop in the left leg or the left iliac/ femoral venous system. [29]
Diagram of the circulatory system. SVC/IVC - Superior/Inferior vena cava, The heart is the driver of the circulatory system, pumping blood through rhythmic contraction and relaxation. The rate of blood flow out of the heart (often expressed in L/min) is known as the cardiac output (CO).
Oxygen-deprived blood from the superior and inferior vena cava enters the right atrium of the heart and flows through the tricuspid valve (right atrioventricular valve) into the right ventricle, from which it is then pumped through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary artery to the lungs.
The anterior cardinal veins (precardinal veins) contribute to the formation of the internal jugular veins and together with the common cardinal vein form the superior vena cava. The anastomosis between the two anterior cardinal veins develops into the left brachiocephalic vein. [1]