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The precise origins of the positioning concept are unclear. Cano (2003), Schwartzkopf (2008), and others have argued that the concepts of market segmentation and positioning were central to the tacit knowledge that informed brand advertising from the 1920s, but did not become codified in marketing textbooks and journal articles until the 1950s and 60s.
In marketing, a company’s value proposition is the full mix of benefits or economic value which it promises to deliver to the current and future customers (i.e., a market segment) who will buy their products and/or services. [1] [2] It is part of a company's overall marketing strategy which differentiates its brand and fully positions it in ...
In marketing, segmenting, targeting and positioning (STP) is a framework that implements market segmentation. [1] Market segmentation is a process, in which groups of buyers within a market are divided and profiled according to a range of variables, which determine the market characteristics and tendencies. [ 2 ]
The marketing program for each brand or product should be based on the understanding of the target market (or target markets) revealed in the market profile. Positioning is the final step in the S-T-P planning approach; Segmentation → Targeting → Positioning. It is a core framework for developing marketing plans and setting objectives.
It is hoped that by focusing your marketing efforts on one or two narrow market segments and tailoring your marketing mix to these specialized markets, you can better meet the needs of that target market. The firm typically looks to gain a competitive advantage through product innovation and/or brand marketing rather than efficiency.
In particular, the 7 Cs inclusion of consumers in the marketing mix is criticized, since they are a target of marketing, while the other elements of the marketing mix are tactics. The 7 Cs also include numerous strategies for product development, distribution, and pricing, while assuming that consumers want two-way communications with companies.
For instance, he is known to have used the term 'marketing mix' in his presidential address given to the American Marketing Association in 1953. [25] However, at that stage, theorists and academics were not in agreement as to what elements made up the so-called marketing mix.
A statement of the company's key objectives often subdivided into marketing objectives and financial objectives; The marketing strategy the business has chosen, specifying the target segments to be pursued and the competitive positioning to be achieved; Implementation choices for each element of the marketing mix (the 4 Ps)