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  2. Expected value - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expected_value

    Informally, the expected value is the mean of the possible values a random variable can take, weighted by the probability of those outcomes. Since it is obtained through arithmetic, the expected value sometimes may not even be included in the sample data set; it is not the value you would "expect" to get in reality.

  3. Expectation value (quantum mechanics) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expectation_value_(quantum...

    In quantum mechanics, the expectation value is the probabilistic expected value of the result (measurement) of an experiment. It can be thought of as an average of all the possible outcomes of a measurement as weighted by their likelihood, and as such it is not the most probable value of a measurement; indeed the expectation value may have zero probability of occurring (e.g. measurements which ...

  4. Characteristic function (probability theory) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Characteristic_function...

    For a scalar random variable X the characteristic function is defined as the expected value of e itX, where i is the imaginary unit, and t ∈ R is the argument of the characteristic function:

  5. Conditional expectation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Conditional_expectation

    In probability theory, the conditional expectation, conditional expected value, or conditional mean of a random variable is its expected value evaluated with respect to the conditional probability distribution. If the random variable can take on only a finite number of values, the "conditions" are that the variable can only take on a subset of ...

  6. Law of total expectation - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Law_of_total_expectation

    The proposition in probability theory known as the law of total expectation, [1] the law of iterated expectations [2] (LIE), Adam's law, [3] the tower rule, [4] and the smoothing theorem, [5] among other names, states that if is a random variable whose expected value ⁡ is defined, and is any random variable on the same probability space, then

  7. Lure of Anglo's copper mines could test BHP's spending resolve

    www.aol.com/news/lure-anglos-copper-mines-could...

    The enterprise value (EV) to earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation, and amortisation (EBITDA) ratio is a valuation multiple that compares a company's value to its cash earnings.

  8. 10 Cities Where Home Prices Are Expected To Drop the Most ...

    www.aol.com/finance/10-cities-where-home-prices...

    Shreveport, Louisiana. Home value % change forecast for August 2025:-4.8% Home value $ change forecast for August 2025:-$6,373 Methodology: The estimated future home value for November 2024 and ...

  9. Continuous uniform distribution - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Continuous_uniform...

    For a random variable following the continuous uniform distribution, the expected value is = +, and the variance is = (). For the special case a = − b , {\displaystyle a=-b,} the probability density function of the continuous uniform distribution is: