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These tidal waves can be considered wide, relative to the Rossby radius of deformation (~3000 km in the open ocean [9]), and shallow, as the water depth (D, on average ~4 kilometre deep [10]) in the ocean is much smaller (i.e. D/λ <1/20) than the wavelength (λ) which is in the order of thousands of kilometres. [8] [11] Figure 2.
A tidal bore, which is a large movement of water formed by the funnelling of the incoming tide into a river or narrow bay; A storm surge, or tidal surge, which can cause waves that breach flood defences
A tidal wave can often be described as a sum of harmonic waves. The principal tide (1st harmonic) refers to the wave which is induced by a tidal force, for example the diurnal or semi-diurnal tide. The latter is often referred to as the tide and will be used throughout the remainder of this article as the principal tide.
The tidal wave, a Kelvin wave, enters the domain in the lower left corner and travels to the right with the coast on its right. The sea surface height (SSH, left panels of animation 1), the tidal elevation, is maximum at the coast and decreases towards the centre of the domain.
Large amplitude tidal internal tidal waves can cause sediments to be resuspended for as long as 5 hours each tidal wave [23] and internal bores have shown to play a vital role in the onshore transportation of planktonic larvae. [24] Internal wave breaking may also cause ecological hazards, such as red tides [4] and low dissolved oxygen levels. [25]
The resulting tsunami reached New Zealand's eastern coastline between 7 and 8 am NZDT on 11 May. The wave had a reported 1–2-metre height in most places and impacted the coast from the Bay of Islands to Bluff. It also reached Westport on the West Coast at 2:30 pm. [25] At Akaroa and Gisborne the wave was in the 2–3-metre range. The waves at ...
The newspaper report on 2 March 1960 described how a tsunami was reported to have come ashore shortly after the earthquake, stating "A tidal wave curled in across the white beaches and lanced 300 metres/yards into the town. The city dock was cut in two, a Spanish shipmaster radioed."
The wave has become popular with surfers.Since 1999, an annual championship has been held in São Domingos do Capim (on the adjacent Guamá River).However, surfing the Pororoca is especially dangerous, as the water contains a significant amount of debris from the shores of the river (often entire trees), in addition to dangerous fauna.