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  2. Demand characteristics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demand_characteristics

    Pioneering research was conducted on demand characteristics by Martin Orne. [2] A possible cause for demand characteristics is participants' expectations that they will somehow be evaluated, leading them to figure out a way to 'beat' the experiment to attain good scores in the alleged evaluation. Rather than giving an honest answer ...

  3. Observer-expectancy effect - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Observer-expectancy_effect

    The experimenter may introduce cognitive bias into a study in several ways ‍ — ‍ in the observer-expectancy effect, the experimenter may subtly communicate their expectations for the outcome of the study to the participants, causing them to alter their behavior to conform to those expectations.

  4. Response bias - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Response_bias

    Demand characteristics refer to a type of response bias where participants alter their response or behavior simply because they are part of an experiment. [3] This arises because participants are actively engaged in the experiment, and may try to figure out the purpose, or adopt certain behaviors they believe belong in an experimental setting.

  5. Demand (psychoanalysis) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Demand_(psychoanalysis)

    In Lacanianism, demand (French: demande) is the way in which instinctive needs are alienated through language and signification. [1] The concept of demand was developed by Lacan—outside of Freudian theory—in conjunction with need and desire in order to account for the role of speech in human aspirations, [2] and forms part of the Lacanian opposition to the approach to language acquisition ...

  6. Reactivity (psychology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Reactivity_(psychology)

    Reactivity is a phenomenon that occurs when individuals alter their performance or behavior due to the awareness that they are being observed. [1] The change may be positive or negative, and depends on the situation.

  7. Job demands-resources model - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Job_demands-resources_model

    Evidence for the dual process: a number of studies have supported the dual pathways to employee well being proposed by the JD-R model. It has been shown that the model can predict important organizational outcomes (e.g. [9] [10] [3] Taken together, research findings support the JD-R model's claim that job demands and job resources initiate two different psychological processes, which ...

  8. Moral Injury: The Grunts - The ... - The Huffington Post

    projects.huffingtonpost.com/projects/moral...

    This category includes grief, anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress and other forms of moral injury and mental disorders caused or inflamed by war. Between the start of the Afghan war in October 2001 and June 2012, the demand for military mental health services skyrocketed, according to Pentagon data. So did substance abuse within the ranks.

  9. Parents are worried that their anger might be influencing ...

    www.aol.com/worry-child-anger-experts-173503084.html

    Twelve percent of parents worry that their child’s anger will cause problems, according to a new poll. Experts weigh in on tips to manage their frustrations.