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The Zanzibar Archipelago (Funguvisiwa la Zanzibar, in Swahili, Arabic: أرخبيل زنجبار) is a group of islands off the coast of mainland Tanzania in the sea of Zanj. The archipelago is also known as the Spice Islands. There are three main islands with permanent human settlements, Zanzibar island, Pemba island, and Mafia island.
Zanzibar [a] is an insular semi-autonomous region which united with Tanganyika in 1964 to form the United Republic of Tanzania.It is an archipelago in the Indian Ocean, 25–50 km (16–31 mi) off the coast of the African mainland, and consists of many small islands and two large ones: Unguja (the main island, referred to informally as Zanzibar) and Pemba Island.
In 1698, Zanzibar fell under the control of the Sultanate of Oman, which developed an economy of trade and cash crops, with a ruling Arab elite and a Bantu general population. Plantations were developed to grow spices; hence, the moniker of the Spice Islands (a name also used for the Dutch colony the Moluccas, now part of Indonesia).
Unguja and the surrounding islands are divided into three regions: Zanzibar Central/ South (capital: Koani), Zanzibar North (capital: Mkokotoni) and; Zanzibar Urban/ West (capital: Zanzibar City). Unguja belongs to Zanzibar, which is defined by the Tanzanian Constitution as "a part" of Tanzania with a high degree of autonomy.
Stone Town is located on the western coast of Unguja, the main island of the Zanzibar Archipelago. Former capital of the Zanzibar Sultanate, and flourishing centre of the spice trade as well as the Indian Ocean slave trade in the 19th century, it retained its importance as the main city of Zanzibar during the period of the British protectorate. [1]
In November of that year, after securing Malacca and getting to know the location of what was called "the Spice Islands", or the Banda Islands in the Moluccas, he sent an expedition of three ships commanded by his trusted friend António de Abreu, with Francisco Serrão and Afonso Bisagudo to find them.
The Spice Islands, now known as the Maluku Islands, are an archipelago in the eastern part of Indonesia. Spice Island, Island of Spice, or Spice Isle may also refer to: Zanzibar Archipelago off the coast of mainland Tanzania, Africa; Grenada in the Antilles; Portsmouth Point, in Portsmouth, Hampshire, England
In 1698, Zanzibar became part of the overseas holdings of Oman after Saif bin Sultan, the Imam of Oman, defeated the Portuguese in Mombasa, in what is now Kenya. In 1832 [7] or 1840, [8] Omani ruler Said bin Sultan moved his court from Muscat to Stone Town on the island of Unguja (that is, Zanzibar Island).
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