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A positive Hoffmann's sign is a worrisome finding of a disease process if its presence is asymmetrical, or has an acute onset. Another significant difference between Hoffmann's reflex and the Babinski sign is their mechanism of reflex.
Hoffmann's sign: Johann Hoffmann: neurology: corticospinal tract lesions: tapping distal phalanx of 3rd or 4th finger elicits flexion of same in thumb Hollenhorst plaque: Robert Hollenhorst: ophthalmology: hypertension, coronary artery disease, and/or diabetes: cholesterol embolus(i) of retinal artery(ies) Homans' sign: John Homans: thrombosis ...
The H-reflex (or Hoffmann's reflex) is a reflectory reaction of muscles after electrical stimulation of sensory fibers (Ia afferents stemming from muscle spindles) in their innervating nerves (for example, those located behind the knee).
Pyramidal signs indicate that the pyramidal tract is affected at some point in its course. Pyramidal tract dysfunction can lead to various clinical presentations such as spasticity , weakness , slowing of rapid alternating movements, hyperreflexia , and a positive Babinski sign .
Tinel's sign (also Hoffmann-Tinel sign) is a way to detect irritated nerves. It is performed by lightly tapping over the nerve to elicit a sensation of tingling or "pins and needles" in the distribution of the nerve. [1] [2] Percussion is usually performed moving distal to proximal. [2] It is named after Jules Tinel. [3] [4] [5]
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In the context of a positive Hoover's sign, functional weakness (or "conversion disorder") is much more likely than malingering or factitious disorder. [3] Strong hip muscles can make the test difficult to interpret. [4] Efforts have been made to use the theory behind the sign to report a quantitative result. [5]
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