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Cranial nerve ganglia contain the cell bodies of cranial nerve neurons. Autonomic ganglia contain the cell bodies of autonomic nerves. In the autonomic nervous system, fibers from the central nervous system to the ganglia are known as preganglionic fibers, while those from the ganglia to the effector organ are called postganglionic fibers.
A nerve plexus is composed of afferent and efferent fibers that arise from the merging of the anterior rami of spinal nerves and blood vessels. There are five spinal nerve plexuses, except in the thoracic region, as well as other forms of autonomic plexuses, many of which are a part of the enteric nervous system. The nerves that arise from the ...
Composition and central connections of the spinal nerves; Pathways from the brain to the spinal cord; The meninges of the brain and medulla spinalis; The cerebrospinal fluid; The cranial nerves. The olfactory nerves; The optic nerve; The oculomotor nerve; The trochlear nerve; The trigeminal nerve; The abducens nerve; The facial nerve; The ...
The sympathetic trunk is a fundamental part of the sympathetic nervous system, and part of the autonomic nervous system.It allows nerve fibres to travel to spinal nerves that are superior and inferior to the one in which they originated.
The internal carotid plexus is a nerve plexus situated upon the lateral side of the internal carotid artery. It is composed of post-ganglionic sympathetic fibres which have synapsed at (i.e. have their nerve cell bodies at) the superior cervical ganglion. The plexus gives rise to the deep petrosal nerve. [1]
The upper two lumbar ganglia (L1 and L2) of the sympathetic chain also give rise to the lumbar splanchnic nerves. Splanchnic nerves are paired visceral nerves carrying preganglionic sympathetic and general visceral afferent fibers. The lumbar splanchnic nerves travel through the lumbar sympathetic ganglion but do not synapse there.
There are four main plexuses formed by the ventral rami: the cervical plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C1–C4. Branches of the cervical plexus, which include the phrenic nerve, innervate muscles of the neck, the diaphragm, and the skin of the neck and upper chest. The brachial plexus contains ventral rami from spinal nerves C5 ...
The sacral sympathetic nerves arise from the sacral part of the sympathetic trunk, emerging anteriorly from the ganglia.They travel to their corresponding side's inferior hypogastric plexus, where the preganglionic nerve fibers synapse with the postganglionic sympathetic neurons, whose fibers ascend to the superior hypogastric plexus, the aortic plexus and the inferior mesenteric plexus, where ...