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The middle cerebral artery (MCA) is one of the three major paired cerebral arteries that supply blood to the cerebrum. The MCA arises from the internal carotid artery and continues into the lateral sulcus where it then branches and projects to many parts of the lateral cerebral cortex .
Middle cerebral artery (MCA), which supplies blood to the majority of the lateral portion of the brain, including the temporal and lateral-parietal lobes. [ 2 ] [ 3 ] It is the largest of the cerebral arteries and is often affected in strokes [ 4 ]
Middle cerebral artery syndrome is a condition whereby the blood supply from the middle cerebral artery (MCA) is restricted, leading to a reduction of the function of the portions of the brain supplied by that vessel: the lateral aspects of frontal, temporal and parietal lobes, the corona radiata, globus pallidus, caudate and putamen.
The dense MCA sign is a dense artery sign observed on non-contrast computed tomography (CT) of the brain and is an important early marker of acute ischemic stroke involving the middle cerebral artery territory. [1] It refers to an abnormally increased attenuation (hyperdensity) of the MCA, reflecting an intraluminal thrombus or embolus.
Internal carotid arteries: These large arteries are the medial branches of the common carotid arteries which enter the skull, as opposed to the external carotid branches which supply the facial tissues; the internal carotid artery branches into the anterior cerebral artery and continues to form the middle cerebral artery. [4]
A post mortem study of middle cerebral artery strokes demonstrated that the area of brain injury was often smaller than the total area supplied by the middle cerebral artery. Leptomeningeal collateral vessels from the anterior cerebral artery and posterior cerebral artery appeared to allow for perfusion of some brain tissue to persist ...
Outer surface of cerebral hemisphere, showing areas supplied by cerebral arteries. Pink is the region supplied by the middle cerebral artery, blue is supplied by the anterior cerebral artery and yellow is supplied by the posterior cerebral artery. Cortical watershed strokes occur at the borders between those areas.
The anterior cerebral artery forms the anterolateral portion of the circle of Willis, while the middle cerebral artery does not contribute to the circle. The right and left posterior cerebral arteries arise from the basilar artery, which is formed by the left and right vertebral arteries. The vertebral arteries arise from the subclavian arteries.