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Wood degradation is a complex process influenced by various biological, chemical, and environmental factors. It significantly impacts the durability and longevity of wood products and structures, necessitating effective preservation and protection strategies.
In moist and oxygenated soil, there are few treatments that enable vulnerable wood (softwood here) to resist for long against bacterial or fungal degradation Detail of sample in photo above. Wood easily degrades without sufficient preservation.
Wood decay caused by Serpula lacrymans (called true dry rot, a type of brown-rot). Fomes fomentarius is a stem decay plant pathogen Dry rot and water damage. A wood-decay or xylophagous fungus is any species of fungus that digests moist wood, causing it to rot.
Wood decomposition is a complex process involving fungi which transport nutrients to the nutritionally scarce wood from outside environment. [56] Because of this nutritional enrichment, the fauna of saproxylic insects may develop and, in turn, affect dead wood, contributing to decomposition and nutrient cycling in the forest floor. [ 57 ]
Biological wood oxidation is a composting of wood substrate which aims at generating heat—for this reason, it is also known as "compost heating". During the wood oxidation process; microorganisms, mainly bacteria and fungi, degrade wood substrate into CO 2 , H 2 O, and subsequently release heat in the presence of oxygen.
Acetylated wood is a type of modified wood that is produced through a chemical modification process and does not contain any toxic substances. [1] It produced from a chemical reaction (named as acetylation), involving acetic anhydride and a modification process to make wood highly resistant to biological attacks by fungi and wood-boring insects and durable to environmental conditions.
Waterlogged wood is a wooden object that has been submerged or partially submerged in water and has affected the original intended purpose or look of the object. . Waterlogged wood objects can also include wood found within moist soil from archaeological sites, underwater archaeology, maritime debris, or damaged w
The degradation rate of many organic compounds is limited by their bioavailability, which is the rate at which a substance is absorbed into a system or made available at the site of physiological activity, [11] as compounds must be released into solution before organisms can degrade them. The rate of biodegradation can be measured in a number ...