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  2. Insulin signal transduction pathway - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_signal...

    Insulin is produced by the pancreas in a region called islets of Langerhans. In the islets of Langerhans, there are beta-cells, which are responsible for production and storage of insulin. Insulin is secreted as a response mechanism for counteracting the increasing excess amounts of glucose in the blood.

  3. Insulin (medication) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_(medication)

    Insulin was first used as a medication in Canada by Charles Best and Frederick Banting in 1922. [85] [86] This is a chronology of key milestones in the history of the medical use of insulin. For more details on the discovery, extraction, purification, clinical use, and synthesis of insulin, see Insulin

  4. Insulin receptor - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulin_receptor

    The insulin receptor (IR) is a transmembrane receptor that is activated by insulin, IGF-I, IGF-II and belongs to the large class of receptor tyrosine kinase. [5] Metabolically, the insulin receptor plays a key role in the regulation of glucose homeostasis; a functional process that under degenerate conditions may result in a range of clinical manifestations including diabetes and cancer.

  5. Post-translational modification - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Post-translational...

    Post-translational modification of insulin. At the top, the ribosome translates a mRNA sequence into a protein, insulin, and passes the protein through the endoplasmic reticulum, where it is cut, folded, and held in shape by disulfide (-S-S-) bonds.

  6. History of diabetes - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_diabetes

    The determination of the amino acid sequence of insulin (by Sir Frederick Sanger, for which he received a Nobel Prize). Insulin was the first protein that the amino acid structure was determined. [147] The radioimmunoassay for insulin, as discovered by Rosalyn Yalow and Solomon Berson (gaining Yalow the 1977 Nobel Prize in Physiology or ...

  7. What Is Diabetes: Risk Factors & Treatment - AOL

    www.aol.com/diabetes-risk-factors-treatment...

    Type 2 diabetes is caused by something called insulin resistance. ... Metformin is one of the most common first-line medications for type 2 diabetes. Side effects of diabetes medications can ...

  8. Diabetes: Everything You Need to Know, from Symptoms to ... - AOL

    www.aol.com/diabetes-everything-know-symptoms...

    Type 2 diabetes is caused by something called insulin resistance. ... Metformin is one of the most common first-line medications for type 2 diabetes. Side effects of diabetes medications can ...

  9. Glucokinase - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Glucokinase

    The amount of glucokinase can be increased by synthesis of new protein. Insulin is the principal signal for increased transcription, operating mainly by way of a transcription factor called sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c (SREBP1c) in the liver. This occurs within an hour after a rise in insulin levels, as after a carbohydrate meal.