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The siege of Masada was one of the final events in the First Jewish–Roman War, occurring from 72 to 73 CE on and around a hilltop in present-day Israel. The siege is known to history via a single source, Flavius Josephus , [ 3 ] a Jewish rebel leader captured by the Romans , in whose service he became a historian.
The Roman legion surrounded Masada, building a circumvallation wall and then a siege ramp against the western face of the plateau. [11] According to Dan Gill, [ 19 ] geological investigations in the early 1990s confirmed earlier observations that the 114 m (375 ft) high assault ramp consisted mostly of a natural spur of bedrock.
The Jewish–Roman wars were a series of large-scale revolts by Jewish subjects against the Roman Empire between 66 and 135 CE. [10] The term primarily applies to the First Jewish–Roman War (66–73) and the Bar Kokhba revolt (132–136)—nationalist rebellions striving to restore an independent Jewish state.
The Jewish–Roman wars followed the Roman annexation of Iudaea, taking place from 66 to 135 CE. Those were the First Jewish–Roman War , the Diaspora revolt and finally, the Bar Kokhba revolt . Between 115 and 117 CE, the Diaspora Revolt saw uprisings by Jewish communities in the Roman provinces of Egypt , Cyrenaica , and Cyprus , occurring ...
The First Jewish War had in the siege of Jerusalem the "key" operation in the Roman victory. [49] It is said that the future emperor Titus first built around the besieged city in addition to a large camp, used as headquarters, thirteen forts [ 50 ] connected by a contravallation of almost 8 km [ 51 ] and as many as 5 siege ramps. [ 52 ]
After the fall of Jerusalem during the First Jewish–Roman War, the fortress became a magnet for resistance against Roman rule. Following a siege by Legio X Fretensis under Bassus in 71 CE, the Jewish defenders eventually surrendered after Eleazar, a key leader, was captured. However, the Romans reneged on their agreement regarding the non ...
The Battle of Beth Horon was a military engagement fought in 66 CE between the Roman army and Jewish rebels in the early phase of the First Jewish–Roman War. [1] During the event, the Syrian Legion Legio XII Fulminata with auxiliary support headed by Legate of Syria Cestius Gallus was ambushed by a large force of Judean rebel infantry at the passage of Beth Horon, on their retreat from ...
Seventeen days into the month of Sivan, Roman siege operations resumed. John of Giscala countered by undermining Roman siege engines at Antonia, digging tunnels beneath them, and setting the supports alight; this caused the siege engines to collapse. [205] In the city's western section, John's forces also destroyed Roman siege equipment. [205]