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The following is the opening of the text of Title IX, which is followed by several exceptions and clarifications: [6] No person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial ...
Sexual or gender harassment [2] is a form of discrimination under Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972. [3] Sexual harassment involves a range of behavior from mild annoyances to unwanted touching and, in extreme cases, rape or other sexual assault .
On May 13, 2016, the Department of Justice (DOJ) and DOE issued joint guidance to educational institutions on the scope of Title IX, in the form of a Dear Colleague letter and an accompanying compendium of actual policies and practices, which had previously been enacted by state agencies and school districts throughout the U.S. [14] [15] [16 ...
Biden admin finalizes Title IX rule changes to redefine sex discrimination In April, the Biden administration’s Department of Education issued its fi 2024 in education: Title IX upheaval ...
Title IX is a federal statute from 1972 that prohibits sex-based discrimination in schools and universities that receive federal funds, including in athletics, and protects against sexual harassment.
Title IX outlaws discrimination on the basis of sex, but enforcing nondiscrimination in sports would do the opposite of what the law intended: Girls and women would lose opportunities, not gain them.
Grove City College v. Bell, 465 U.S. 555 (1984), was a case in which the United States Supreme Court held that Title IX, which applies only to colleges and universities that receive federal funds, could be applied to a private school that refused direct federal funding but for which a large number of students had received federally funded scholarships.
Text of Alexander v. Yale, 631 F.2d 178 (2d Cir. 1980) is available from: CourtListener Google Scholar Justia ; Full text of the judgment; A history of efforts against sexual harassment at Yale; To break the silence - an account of Alexander v. Yale; How A Title IX Harassment Case At Yale In 1980 Set The Stage For Today's Sexual Assault Activism