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2. Insulating concrete form - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Insulating_concrete_form

   The first expanded polystyrene ICF Wall forms were developed in the late 1960s with the expiration of the original patent and the advent of modern foam plastics by BASF. [citation needed] Canadian contractor Werner Gregori filed the first patent for a foam concrete form in 1966 with a block "measuring 16 inches high by 48 inches long with a tongue-and-groove interlock, metal ties, and a waffle ...

3. Waffle slab - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Waffle_slab

   The grid is formed by the removal of molds after the concrete sets. This structure was designed to be more solid when used on longer spans and with heavier loads. [ 3 ] This type of structure, because of its rigidity, is recommended for buildings that require minimal vibration, like laboratories and manufacturing facilities. [ 3 ]

4. Orthotropic deck - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthotropic_deck

   The orthotropic deck may be integral with or supported on a grid of deck framing members, such as transverse floor beams and longitudinal girders. All these various choices for the stiffening elements, e.g., ribs, floor beams and main girders, can be interchanged, resulting in a great variety of orthotropic panels.

5. Concrete slab - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Concrete_slab

   However, the fill material is still necessary to support the curing concrete and its reinforcement. There are two common methods of filling - controlled fill and rolled fill. [13] Controlled fill: Fill material is compacted in several layers by a vibrating plate or roller. Sand fills areas up to around 800 mm deep, and clay may be used to fill ...

6. Expanded polystyrene concrete - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Expanded_polystyrene_concrete

   After many years of exploration and attempt, EPS lightweight concrete can be used in many building structures, such as EPS insulation coating, EPS mortar, EPS sealing putty, EPS lightweight mortar, EPS concrete inner and outer wall panels, etc. [4] In addition, EPS lightweight aggregate concrete is also used in the fields of pavement backfill ...

7. Autoclaved aerated concrete - Wikipedia

   en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Autoclaved_aerated_concrete

   Autoclaved aerated concrete (AAC) is a lightweight, precast, cellular concrete building material, eco-friendly, [1] suitable for producing concrete-like blocks. It is composed of quartz sand , calcined gypsum , lime , portland cement , water and aluminium powder .