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In the IEEE 802.11 wireless LAN protocols (such as Wi-Fi), a MAC frame is constructed of common fields (which are present in all types of frames) and specific fields (present in certain cases, depending on the type and subtype specified in the first octet of the frame).
The Sequence Control field is a two-byte section used to identify message order and eliminate duplicate frames. The first 4 bits are used for the fragmentation number, and the last 12 bits are the sequence number. An optional two-byte Quality of Service control field, present in QoS Data frames; it was added with 802.11e.
802.11 Beacon frame. A beacon frame is a type of management frame in IEEE 802.11 WLANs. It contains information about the network. Beacon frames are transmitted periodically; they serve to announce the presence of a wireless LAN and to provide a timing signal to synchronise communications with the devices using the network (the members of a service set).
The TID subfield sits in certain MAC frames. The presence of TID, and thus the presence of QoS, is determined by the value set in the MSB of the subtype field (bit b7) of the Frame Control field. A QoS-enabled 802.11 header uses the TID to classify and prioritize processing of incoming or outgoing frames.
IEEE 802.11 RTS/CTS (request to send/clear to send) is the optional mechanism used by the 802.11 wireless networking protocol to reduce frame collisions introduced by the hidden node problem. Originally the protocol fixed the exposed node problem as well, but later RTS/CTS does not, but includes ACKs.
IEEE 802.11w is the Protected Management Frames standard for the IEEE 802.11 family of standards. Task Group 'w' worked on improving the IEEE 802.11 Medium Access Control layer. [ 1 ] Its objective was to increase security by providing data confidentiality of management frames, mechanisms that enable data integrity, data origin authenticity ...
The article uses IEEE 802.11 as a basis for explanations as it is probably the most wide spread and commonly known shared channel communication solution, but the protocol features for frame aggregation are common to many other communication protocols that utilize a shared communication channel, e.g. MAC service data unit (MSDU, e.g. an Ethernet ...
It is used with IEEE 802.3, IEEE 802.4, IEEE 802.5, IEEE 802.11 and other IEEE 802 physical network layers, as well as with non-IEEE 802 physical network layers such as FDDI that use 802.2 LLC. The SNAP and LSAP fields are added to the packets at the transmitting node in order to allow the receiving node to pass each received frame to an ...
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