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An early surveyor's wheel depicted in the hand of late 18th century British road builder John Metcalf.. The origins of the surveyor's wheel are connected to the origins of the odometer.
A coordinate-measuring machine (CMM) is a device that measures the geometry of physical objects by sensing discrete points on the surface of the object with a probe. Various types of probes are used in CMMs, the most common being mechanical and laser sensors, though optical and white light sensors do exist.
A standard wire gauge. American Wire Gauge (AWG) is a logarithmic stepped standardized wire gauge system used since 1857, predominantly in North America, for the diameters of round, solid, nonferrous, electrically conducting wire.
The formal definition of calibration by the International Bureau of Weights and Measures (BIPM) is the following: "Operation that, under specified conditions, in a first step, establishes a relation between the quantity values with measurement uncertainties provided by measurement standards and corresponding indications with associated measurement uncertainties (of the calibrated instrument or ...
Tape measures are often designed for specific uses or trades. Tapes may have different scales, be made of different materials, and be of different lengths depending on the intended use.
Ammeter and Voltmeter on a power supply. Electrical measurements are the methods, devices and calculations used to measure electrical quantities. Measurement of electrical quantities may be done to measure electrical parameters of a system.
Measuring shaft of the nilometer on Roda Island, Cairo. A nilometer is a structure for measuring the Nile River's clarity and water level during the annual flood season in Egypt. [1]
Attempts at standardized temperature measurement prior to the 17th century were crude at best. For instance in 170 AD, physician Claudius Galenus [1]: 18 mixed equal portions of ice and boiling water to create a "neutral" temperature standard.