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The Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances comprises three substantially identical political agreements signed at the OSCE conference in Budapest, Hungary, on 5 December 1994, to provide security assurances by its signatories relating to the accession of Belarus, Kazakhstan and Ukraine to the Treaty on the Non-Proliferation of Nuclear Weapons (NPT).
"Today, the Budapest Memorandum is a monument to short-sightedness in strategic security decision-making," the ministry wrote in a statement, marking this week's anniversary of the Dec. 5, 1994 ...
Map of nuclear-armed states of the world NPT -designated nuclear weapon states (China, France, Russia, United Kingdom, United States) Other states with nuclear weapons (India, North Korea, Pakistan) Other states presumed to have nuclear weapons (Israel) NATO or CSTO member nuclear weapons sharing states (Belgium, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Turkey, Belarus) States formerly possessing nuclear ...
France and China also provided Ukraine with assurances similar to the Budapest Memorandum, but with some significant differences. For instance, France's pledge does not contain the promises laid out in paragraphs 4 and 6 above, to refer any aggression to the UN Security Council, nor to consult in the event of a question regarding the commitments.
After the fall of the Soviet Union, Ukraine signed the Budapest Memorandum agreeing to cede its nuclear weapons — which were part of the Soviets' broader arsenal — in exchange for security ...
In December 1994, Ukraine signed the Budapest Memorandum and voluntarily gave up its arsenal of nuclear weapons. Twenty years later, one of the guarantors of Ukrainian sovereignty — the Russian ...
In 1994, Russia joined NATO's Partnership for Peace program to facilitate cooperation and better relations with NATO, and signed the Budapest Memorandum on Security Assurances pledging to protect Ukraine's sovereignty and territorial integrity in exchange for the latter's relinquishing of its nuclear weapons. [6]
The Budapest Memorandum required the parties to observe Ukraine's independence and current borders, and to refrain from military measures. The planned referendum was not in line with Ukraine's Constitution, he said, emphasizing the fundamental importance of ensuring that the rule of law was observed, nationally and internationally.