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This is a list of conflicts in Europe ordered chronologically, including wars between European states, civil wars within European states, wars between a European state and a non-European state that took place within Europe, militarized interstate disputes, and global conflicts in which Europe was a theatre of war.
A French satirical cartoon map of Europe in 1870. The European Civil War is a concept meant to characterize a series of 19th- and early 20th-century conflicts in Europe as segments of an overarching civil war within a supposed European society. The timeframes associated with this European Civil War vary among historians.
The treaty supplanted the 1945 Potsdam Agreement: in it, the Four Powers renounced all rights they had held with regard to Germany, allowing for its reunification as a fully sovereign state the following year. [1] [2] [3] Additionally, the two German states agreed to reconfirm the existing border with Poland in the German–Polish Border Treaty ...
This is a list of the violent political and ethnic conflicts in the countries of the former Soviet Union following its dissolution in 1991. Some of these conflicts such as the 1993 Russian constitutional crisis or the 2013–2014 Euromaidan protests in Ukraine were due to political crises in the successor states. Others involved separatist ...
The SPD had attended the congresses of the Second International beginning in 1889, where they had agreed to resolutions asking for combined action by socialists in the event of a war. Following the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand in June 1914, the SPD, like other socialist parties in Europe, organised anti-war demonstrations during ...
Anti-war and pacifist sentiment was strong in many countries, leading to warnings that the Civil War could escalate into a second world war. [169] In this respect, the war was an indicator of the growing instability across Europe.
It seems dire predictions of political violence are now commonly issued both by the country’s extreme fringes as well as from the mainstream, write Bruce Hoffman and Jacob Ware.
The exceptions included the Russian Civil War of 1917–1922, Polish–Soviet War of 1919–1921, the Greco-Turkish War of 1919–1922, and some civil wars, such as in Ireland. Instead, the ideals of peace is a theme that dominated the international agenda of all major nations in the 1920s.