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Vasoconstriction is the narrowing of the blood vessels resulting from contraction of the muscular wall of the vessels, in particular the large arteries and small arterioles. The process is the opposite of vasodilation, the widening of blood vessels. The process is particularly important in controlling hemorrhage and reducing
Infarction occurs as a result of prolonged ischemia, which is the insufficient supply of oxygen and nutrition to an area of tissue due to a disruption in blood supply.The blood vessel supplying the affected area of tissue may be blocked due to an obstruction in the vessel (e.g., an arterial embolus, thrombus, or atherosclerotic plaque), compressed by something outside of the vessel causing it ...
Arterial occlusion is a condition involving partial or complete blockage of blood flow through an artery. Arteries are blood vessels that carry oxygenated blood to body tissues. [1] [2] An occlusion of arteries disrupts oxygen and blood supply to tissues, leading to ischemia. [1]
The most common type is coronary artery disease, in which plaque builds up in the arteries and blocks blood flow to the heart, potentially leading to heart attacks or heart failure.
Blockage of arteries that supply arms or legs may result in necrosis and gangrene [1] Temporary or permanent decrease or loss of other organ functions [ 2 ] In septic embolism , there can be infection of the affected tissue or even septic shock, potentially leading to gangrene and sepsis [ 2 ]
For patients with coronary artery disease, a vascular bypass may be recommended to reroute blood around blocked arteries to restore and improve blood flow and oxygen to the heart. To create the bypass graft , a surgeon will remove or "harvest" healthy blood vessels from another part of the body, either arteries from an arm or the chest, or ...
In the legs, bypass grafting is used to treat peripheral vascular disease, acute limb ischemia, aneurysms and trauma.While there are many anatomical arrangements for vascular bypass grafts in the lower extremities depending on the location of the disease, the principle is the same: to restore blood flow to an area without normal flow.
The coronary circulation is this system of small arteries and veins that help keep the heart cells supplied with fresh oxygen. Heart attacks happen when these small arteries become blocked and stop supplying blood to the heart tissue, and if this happens for long enough, heart tissue dies.
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