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In chemistry, a mole map is a graphical representation of an algorithm that compares molar mass, number of particles per mole, and factors from balanced equations or other formulae. [1] They are often used in undergraduate -level chemistry courses as a tool to teach the basics of stoichiometry and unit conversion .
Stoichiometry is not only used to balance chemical equations but also used in conversions, i.e., converting from grams to moles using molar mass as the conversion factor, or from grams to milliliters using density. For example, to find the amount of NaCl (sodium chloride) in 2.00 g, one would do the following:
The solution has 1 mole or 1 equiv Na +, 1 mole or 2 equiv Ca 2+, and 3 mole or 3 equiv Cl −. An earlier definition, used especially for chemical elements , holds that an equivalent is the amount of a substance that will react with 1 g (0.035 oz) of hydrogen , 8 g (0.28 oz) of oxygen , or 35.5 g (1.25 oz) of chlorine —or that will displace ...
Conversion and its related terms yield and selectivity are important terms in chemical reaction engineering.They are described as ratios of how much of a reactant has reacted (X — conversion, normally between zero and one), how much of a desired product was formed (Y — yield, normally also between zero and one) and how much desired product was formed in ratio to the undesired product(s) (S ...
In atmospheric chemistry, mixing ratio usually refers to the mole ratio r i, which is defined as the amount of a constituent n i divided by the total amount of all other constituents in a mixture: r i = n i n t o t − n i {\displaystyle r_{i}={\frac {n_{i}}{n_{\mathrm {tot} }-n_{i}}}}
Normality is defined as the number of gram or mole equivalents of solute present in one liter of solution.The SI unit of normality is equivalents per liter (Eq/L). = where N is normality, m sol is the mass of solute in grams, EW sol is the equivalent weight of solute, and V soln is the volume of the entire solution in liters.
The gram-atom is a former term for a mole of atoms, and gram-molecule for a mole of molecules. [ 7 ] Molecular weight (M.W.) (for molecular compounds) and formula weight (F.W.) (for non-molecular compounds), are older terms for what is now more correctly called the relative molar mass ( M r ). [ 8 ]
A drop of indicator solution is added to the titration at the start; when the color changes the endpoint has been reached, this is an approximation of the equivalence point. Conductance The conductivity of a solution depends on the ions that are present in it. During many titrations, the conductivity changes significantly.